LATINS AND ROMANS. The Latins--Rome--Roma Quadrata and the Capitol. CHAPTER XVIII RELIGION AND THE FAMILY. Religion--The Roman gods--Form of the gods--Principle of the Roman religion--Worship--Formalism-- Prayer--Omens--The priests. WORSHIP OF ANCESTORS. The dead--Worship of the dead--Cult of the hearth. THE FAMILY. Religion of the family--Marriage--Women--Children--Father of the family. CHAPTER XIX THE ROMAN CITY. Formation of the Roman people--The kings--The Roman people--The plebeians--Strife between patricians and plebeians-- The tribunes of the plebs--Triumph of the plebs. THE ROMAN PEOPLE. Right of citizenship--The nobles--The knights--The plebs--Freedmen. THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC. The comitia--Magistrates--Censors-- Senate--The course of offices. CHAPTER XX ROMAN CONQUEST. The Roman army--Military service--The levy--Legions and allies--Military exercises--Camp--Order of battle--Discipline-- Colonies &ad military roads. CHARACTER OF THE CONQUESTS. War--Conquest of Italy--Punic wars--Hannibal--Conquest of the Orient--Conquest of barbarian lands--The triumph--Booty--Allies of Rome--Motives of conquest. RESULTS OF THE CONQUESTS. Empire of the Roman people--The public domain--Agrarian laws. CHAPTER XXI THE CONQUERED PEOPLES. The provincials--Provinces--The proconsuls-- Tyranny and oppression of the proconsuls--The publicans--Bankers-- Defencelessness of the provincials. SLAVERY. Sale of slaves--Condition of slaves--Number of slaves--Urban slaves--Rural slaves--Treatment of slaves--Ergastulum and mill-- Character of the slaves--Revolts--Admission to citizenship. CHAPTER XXII TRANSFORMATION OF LIFE IN ROME. Influence of Greece and the Orient. CHANGES IN RELIGION. Greek gods--The Bacchanals--Superstitions of the Orient--Sceptics. CHANGES IN MANNERS. The old customs--Cato the Elder--The new manners-- Oriental luxury--Greek humanity--Lucullus--The new education--New status of women--Divorce. CHAPTER XXIII FALL OF THE REPUBLIC. Causes of the decadence--Destruction of the peasant class--The city plebs--Electoral corruption--Corruption of the Senate--Corruption of the army. THE REVOLUTION. Necessity of the revolution--Civil wars--The Gracchi-- Marius and Sulla--Pompey and Cæsar--End of the Republic--Need of peace--Power of the individual. CHAPTER XXIV THE EMPIRE AT ITS HEIGHT. The twelve Cæsars--The emperor--Apotheosis-- Senate and people--The prætorians--Freedmen of the emperors-- Despotism and disorder. THE CENTURY OF THE ANTONINES. Marcus Aurelius--Conquests of the Antonines. IMPERIAL INSTITUTIONS. Extent of the empire in the second century-- Permanent army--Deputies and agents of the emperor--Municipal life--Imperial regime.