In October, 1907, a lower jaw was found in a deposit of sand at Mauer, near Heidelberg. The teeth are typically human; but the chinless jaw, with its thick body, very broad and short ascending portion, and other special points, surpasses in its combination of primitive characters all known recent and ancient human jaws, thus it is a generalised type from which they can readily be derived. It has been suggested that, as the jaw is neither distinctly human nor anthropoid, it is a survival from that remote ancestor from which there branched off on the one side the genus Homo, and on the other the genera of anthropoid apes. Dr. O. Schoetensack regards _Homo Heidelbergensis_ as of early Pleistocene or late Pliocene age; but Dr. E. Werth[52] relegates it to the middle of the Ice Age. Footnote 52: _Globus_, xcvi., 1909, p. 229. [Sidenote: =Homo Primigenius.=] In March, 1908, Herr Otto Hauser found a skeleton of a young man in the upper valley of the Vézère, Dordogne; the skull had a receding forehead, prominent jaws, and large orbits, surmounted by massive brow-ridges; the limbs were short. It was a distinct burial with associated objects which prove it to be of Mousterian age (p. 75, _n._ 2). Also of Mousterian age are the skeleton discovered in August, 1908,[53] and the skull in February, 1909, at La Chapelle-aux-Saints, Corrèze, and the skeleton exhumed in September in the latter year at Ferrassie, Dordogne, by M. Peyrony, who had previously discovered another skeleton of the same age at Peche de l’Azé, near Sarlat, also in Dordogne. These two finds have not yet been described. Footnote 53: Bouysonnie et Bardon, _l’Anthropologie_, xix., 1908, p. 513. [Illustration: SKULL OF THE FOSSIL MAN OF LA CHAPELLE-AUX-SAINTS, after the restoration of the nasal bones and jaws. From _l’Anthropologie_, xx., 1909, p. 267; with the permission of Professor M. Boule. ] Compared with the short stature (5ft. 3in.) of the La Chapelle man, the skull is of remarkably large size. It is narrow, with a flattened cranial vault and enormous brow-ridges; the orbits are large, and the face is very projecting. Professor Boule agrees with other investigators in regarding this skull as belonging to the Neanderthal-Spy type, and considers that the group is distinct from all other human groups, living or fossil.[54] Footnote 54: M. Boule, _l’Anthropologie_, xix., 1908, p. 519; xx., 1909, p. 257. See also M. Alsberg, _Globus_, xcv., 1909, and H. Klaatsch, _Arch. für Anth._, N.F., vii., p. 287.