Socrates, Athenian philosopher, 56. death of, 62, 63. dialectical methods of, 62. doctrines of, 62. influence of, 18. life and home of, 61. methods of teaching, 62. personal appearance of, 61. religious belief of, 62. Solomon, founder of Hebrew literature, 44. Solon, Athenian lawgiver, 57. _Some Thoughts Concerning Education_, Locke's, 221. Songs, church, 107. _Songs for Mother and Nursery_, Froebel's, 277. Sophists, teachers of grammar, 59. Soroee, Basedow professor at, 251. Sparta, 68-73. coeducation in, 71. contrasted with Athens, 56. criticism of education, 71. history of, 68. home in, 69. Lycurgus, 72, 73. martial training in, 69, 70, 71. physical education in, 16. State control of children, 69, 70, 73. status of woman in, 69-71. tyranny, the spirit of, 56. Spartan education, criticism of, 71. Spelling, phonic method introduced, 189. Spencer, Herbert, on function of education, 217. Spener, Philipp Jakob, originator of Pietism, 231. Stagira, Aristotle founds school at, 65. Stanz, Pestalozzi's school at, 264. State, assumes responsibility of education in Germany, 174. controls citizens in Plato's scheme of education, 64. controls education in Persia, 37, 38. controls education of Spartan children, 70. controls schools in Athens, 60. interest of, aim of oriental education, 91. supervises English schools, 306. supports schools in France, 298. State Board of Education, duties of, 311. established, 286. State school system, in United States, 310. State support of public instruction in American schools, 310. Stettin, first Prussian normal school at, 228. Stoy, Karl Volkmar, establishes practice school at Jena, 281. Strasburg _Gymnasium_, organization of, 175, 176. Sturm, rector of, 175. _Studia inferiora_ and _superiora_ of Jesuit schools, 185. Sturm, Johann, education of, 175. influence of, 177. rector at Strasburg Gymnasium, 175, 176. school course of, 176, 177. Sulphuric acid, Arabians discover, 145. Summer school, in United States school system, 313. Superintendent of schools, duties of, 310, 311. Superstition of Romans, 76. Support of schools, in England, 306. in France, 299. in Germany, 293. in United States, 313. Swinton, on antiquity of Egyptian history, 47. on influence of Egyptian priests, 48. Switzerland, Herbart in, 279. kindergarten in, 276. Talich, Hermann, school course of, 176 _n_. Talmud, extracts from, 45, 46. influence of, 45. on discipline of children, 43. origin of sayings in, 44. Tax for schools, in United States, 313. Taylor, Bayard, on Charles V., Emperor of Germany, 166. on Thirty Years' War, 201.