remaining monuments of which are found scattered over the length and breadth of the valley from the shores of the Mediterranean to the rocks of the first cataract. The Egyptians who witnessed the advent of this Asiatic people called them by the general term Amuu, Asiatics, or Monatiu, the men of the desert.* They had already given the Bedouin the opprobrious epithet of Shausu--pillagers or robbers--which aptly described them;** and they subsequently applied the same name to the intruders--Hiq Shausu--from which the Greeks derived their word Hyksos, or Hykoussos, for this people.*** * The meaning of the term _Moniti_ was discovered by E. de Rouge, who translated it _Shepherd_, and applied it to the Hyksos; from thence it passed into the works of all the Egyptologists who concerned themselves with this question, but _Shepherd_ has not been universally accepted as the meaning of the word. It is generally agreed that it was a generic term, indicating the races with which their conquerors were supposed to be connected, and not the particular term of which Manetho's word _Hoiveves_ would be the literal translation. ** The name seems, in fact, to be derived from a word which meant "to rob," "to pillage." The name Shausu, Shosu, was not used by the Egyptians to indicate a particular race. It was used of all Bedouins, and in general of all the marauding tribes who infested the desert or the mountains. The Shausu most frequently referred to on the monuments are those from the desert between Egypt and Syria, but there is a reference, in the time of Ramses II., to those from the Lebanon and the valley of Orontes. Krall finds an allusion to them in a word (_Shosim_) in _Judges_ ii. 14, which is generally translated by a generic expression, "the spoilers."