History of English Literature from "Beowulf" to Swinburne — John Shaqi
History of English Literature from "Beowulf" to SwinburneLang, Andrew
History
History of English Literature from "Beowulf" to Swinburne
Lang, Andrew
English literature -- History and criticism
After, the rejoicings, eight horses and princely armour are given
to Beowulf. The minstrel sings of the hero Finn, with a pleasant
description of the coming of spring after a long winter. The poem is
not all about fiends and fighting; the descriptions of wild rocks
and seas, and of happy nature, are beautiful. Then the gracious wife
of Hrothgar bids Beowulf farewell, giving him a cup of gold. Other
presents are offered, and on so happy a day, wine, not ale, is drunk in
hall.
But Beowulf s adventure is not ended. That night he slept, not in
hall, but in a separate room, and the mother of Grendel, a creature
more terrible than himself, came to avenge her son, and slew a warrior.
Next day Hrothgar described to Beowulf the home of the fiends; they
abode in dark wolf-haunted places, windy "nesses," or headlands, wild
marshlands, where the hill-stream rushes through black shadows into a
pool or perhaps sea-inlet, under the earth. The boughs of trees hang
dense over the water, and at night a fire shines from it. Even the stag
that ranges the moors, when he flies from the hounds to the lake, dies
rather than venture there to take the water. This is a fine example of
the descriptions of nature in the poem. Beowulf is not alarmed; we must
all die at last, he says, but while we live we should try to win glory.
So they all rode to the haunted pool, Beowulf in his iron armour and
helmet. The man who had insulted him now repents, and gives Beowulf
the best of iron swords, named _Hrunting_; for famous swords in these
days had names, like King Arthur's blade, _Excalibur_, or Roland's
_Durendal._ "I will gain glory with _Hrunting_, or death shall take
me," says Beowulf.[3]
Beowulf dived into the black water, the fiend strove to crush him, but
his iron shirt of mail protected him, and she dragged him into the
dreadful hall, her home, where the water did not enter. A strange light
burned; Beowulf saw his hideous foe and smote at her with _Hrunting_;
but the edge did not bite on her body. He threw away the useless sword,
and they wrestled; they fell, Beowulf was under her, and she drew her
short sword. She could not pierce his armour, but he saw and seized a
huge sword, made for a giant in times long ago. With this he cut her
down from the neck to the breast-bone, and his friends on shore saw the
pool turn to blood; all but his own men had believed that Beowulf was
dead, and had gone home.
Meanwhile the blade of the great sword melted away in the poisoned
blood of his foe, and he swam to shore with the hilt, and with the
heads of the two monsters, Grendel and his mother. With these he came
gloriously to Hrothgar, who wondered at that sword hilt, covered with
plates of gold, engraved with a poem in Runic letters; for the poet is
fond of describing beautiful swords and armour.
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