History of English Literature from "Beowulf" to SwinburneLang, Andrew
History
History of English Literature from "Beowulf" to Swinburne
Lang, Andrew
English literature -- History and criticism
"The dread voice" comes across the shepherd's dirge; the Sicilian
Muse, the Muse of Theocritus, is bidden to return, but to Milton she
will not come again. We think of him, at this time, as "young but
intolerably severe," like Apollo in Matthew Arnold's "Empedocles on
Etna". Like Wordsworth and Shelley he was devoid of humour,--and thus
fails--as Shelley did not fail, thanks to his geniality, and kindness
and charms--to win universal sympathy. Think of Shakespeare,--who does
not love the man, and who does dare to love Milton! He was not vain
with the childlike vanity of some poets, but he was as proud as his
own Satan. He not only had genius next to the highest, but he knew
it, tended it, cared for it, and could scarcely find a task that was
great enough for his powers. We respect his self-knowledge, applaud his
resolution, and are much happier with Shakespeare and Scott, who never
gave a thought to their genius.
On returning from Italy to his country, the country of "the Bishops'
Wars," Milton, in Aldersgate Street, devoted himself to the education
of his nephews, to sonnets, and then to prose works, as already
mentioned, all written in the cause of sacred Liberty. He, like the
old Scots Earl, did not love "the new liberty" as offered by the
Presbyterian, whose name was "old priest writ large". His marriage,
in 1643, to a lady of a loyal family, Mary Powell, was unhappy: she
went back, in a short time, to her own people In 1645 she returned,
had three daughters, and died in 1652. His private unhappiness made
Milton plead vainly for freedom of divorce, a remedy which has its own
unsatisfactory aspect. In 1652 Milton lost his eyesight, like his
Blind Thamyris and blind Maeonides,
And Teiresias and Phineus, prophets old.
His sonnets are his only poems of this period; when he argued for
divorce, and for liberty of printing, defended the slaying of his King,
wrangled with political opponents in English and Latin, and was Latin
Secretary to the Commonwealth. An accomplished sonneteer in Italian,
Milton in English observed, usually, the strict Petrarchian rules; and
had the wisdom and self-restraint to write not too many sonnets, most
of them choicely good. Even that in which he commemorates the noble
Aboyne, and the son of Col of the left hand, and Gilespie Grumach is
a good sonnet. He mourned for the late Massacre in Piedmont, but not
for those of Drogheda and Dundee. His nobility of soul never declares
itself more gloriously than in the sonnets on his blindness, of these
eyes.
Overplied,
In Liberty's defence, my glorious task.
But there was no liberty left for Anglicans, Catholics, or
Presbyterians in Scotland, who were turned out of their court of
General Assembly.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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