History of English Literature Volume 3 (of 3)Taine, Hippolyte
History
History of English Literature Volume 3 (of 3)
Taine, Hippolyte
English literature -- History and criticism
The first verse epitomizes the whole of the preceding Epistle, and the
second epitomizes the present Epistle, it is, as it were, a kind of
staircase leading from one temple to another, regularly composed of
symmetrical steps, so aptly disposed that from the first step we see at
a glance the whole building we have left, and from the second the whole
edifice we are about to visit. Have we ever seen a finer entrance, or
one more conformable to the rules which bid us unite our ideas, recall
them when developed, pre-announce them when not yet developed? But this
is not enough. After this brief announcement, which premises that he is
about to treat of human nature, a longer announcement is necessary, to
paint beforehand, with the greatest possible splendor, this human nature
of which he is about to treat. This is the proper oratorical exordium,
like those which Bossuet places at the beginning of his funeral
orations; a sort of elaborate portico to receive the audience on their
entrance, and prepare them for the magnificence of the temple. The
antitheses follow each other in couples like a succession of columns;
thirteen couples form a suite; and the last is raised above the rest by
a word, which concentrates and combines all. In other hands this
prolongation of the same form would become tedious; in Pope's it
interests us, so much variety is there in the arrangement, and the
adornments. In one place the antithesis is comprised in a single line,
in another it occupies two; now it is in the substantives, now in the
adjectives and verbs; now only in the ideas, now it penetrates the sound
and position of the words. In vain we see it reappear; we are not
wearied, because each time it adds somewhat to our idea, and shows us
the object in a new light. This object itself may be abstract, obscure,
unpleasant, opposed to poetry; the style spreads over it its own light;
noble images borrowed from the grand and simple spectacles of nature
illustrate and adorn it. For there is a classical architecture of ideas
as well as of stones: the first, like the second, is a friend to
clearness and regularity, majesty and calm; like the second, it was
invented in Greece, transmitted through Rome to France, through France
to England, and slightly altered in its passage. Of all the masters who
have practised it in England, Pope is the most skilled.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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