Liberal principles on which the new confederacy is formed.—Envoys sent round by Athens—Chabrias, Timotheus, Kallistratus.—Service of Iphikrates in Thrace after the peace of Antalkidas. He marries the daughter of the Thracian prince Kotys, and acquires possession of a Thracian seaport, Drys.—Timotheus and Kallistratus.—Synod of the new confederates assembled at Athens—votes for war on a large scale.—Members of the confederacy were at first willing and harmonious—a fleet is equipped.—New property-tax imposed at Athens. The Solonian census.—The Solonian census retained in the main, though with modifications, at the restoration under the archonship of Eukleides in 403 B.C.—Archonship of Nausinikus in 378 B.C.—New census and schedule then introduced, of all citizens worth twenty minæ and upwards, distributed into classes, and entered for a fraction of their total property; each class for a different fraction.—All metics, worth more than twenty-five minæ, were registered in the schedule; all in one class, each man for one-sixth of his property. Aggregate schedule.—The Symmories—containing the twelve hundred wealthiest citizens—the three hundred wealthiest leaders of the Symmories.—Citizens not wealthy enough to be included in the Symmories, yet still entered in the schedule, and liable to property-tax. Purpose of the Symmories—extension of the principle to the trierarchy.—Enthusiasm at Thebes in defence of the new government and against Sparta. Military training—the Sacred Band.—Epaminondas.—His previous character and training—musical and intellectual, as well as gymnastic. Conversation with philosophers, Sokratic as well as Pythagorean.—His eloquence—his unambitious disposition—gentleness of his political resentments.—Conduct of Epaminondas at the Theban revolution of 379 B.C.—he acquires influence, through Pelopidas, in the military organization of the city.—Agesilaus marches to attack Thebes with the full force of the Spartan confederacy—good system of defence adopted by Thebes—aid from Athens under Chabrias. Increase of the Theban strength in Bœotia, against the philo-Spartan oligarchies in the Bœotian cities.—Second expedition of Agesilaus into Bœotia—he gains no decisive advantage. The Thebans acquire greater and greater strength. Agesilaus retires—he is disabled by a hurt in the leg.—Kleombrotus conducts the Spartan force to invade Bœotia.—He retires without reaching Bœotia.—Resolution of Sparta to equip a large fleet, under the admiral Pollis. The Athenians send out a fleet under Chabrias—Victory of Chabrias at sea near Naxos. Recollections of the battle of Arginusæ.—Extension of the Athenian maritime confederacy, in consequence of the victory at Naxos.—Circumnavigation of Peloponnesus by Timotheus with an Athenian fleet—his victory over the Lacedæmonian fleet—his success in extending the Athenian confederacy—his