[594] Scipio reproves the people, who wished to make him perpetual consul and dictator. (Titus Livius, XXXVIII. 56.) [595] Cato used interpreters in speaking to the Athenians, though he understood Greek perfectly. (Plutarch, _Cato the Censor_, 18.)--It was an old habit of the Romans, indeed, to address strangers only in Latin. (Valerius Maximus, II. ii. 2.) [596] Plutarch, _Cato the Censor_, 8, 25. [597] Titus Livius, _Epitome_, XLVIII.--Valerius Maximus, IV. i. 10. [598] Plutarch, _Cato the Censor_, 34.--Aulus Gellius, VI. 14. [599] Titus Livius, _Epitome_, XLIX. [600] “Cato barked without ceasing at the greatness of Scipio.” (Titus Livius, XXXVIII. 54.) [601] “P. Cato had a bitter mind, a sharp and unmeasured tongue.” (Titus Livius, XXXIX. 40.) [602] “He declaimed against usurers, and he himself lent out, at high interest, the money which he got from his estates. He condemned the sale of young slaves, yet trafficked in the same under an assumed name.” (Plutarch, _Cato the Censor_, 33.) [603] Drumann, _Geschichte Roms_, v., p. 148. [604] “The last act of his political life was to cause the ruin of Carthage to be determined on.” (Plutarch, _Cato the Censor_, 39.) [605] Titus Livius, _Epitome_, XLVIII. [606] At Carthage, the multitude governed; at Rome, the power of the Senate was absolute. (Polybius, VI. 51.) [607] Titus Livius, L. 16. [608] Appian, _Punic Wars_, 93 _et seq._ [609] Justin, XXXIV. 1.--Titus Livius, _Epitome_, LI.--Polybius, I. 2, 3. [610] Pausanias, VII. 16.--Justin, XXXIV. 2. [611] Polybius, XL. 11. [612] Appian, _Wars of Spain_, 52. [613] Eutropius, IV. 7. [614] The town of Garray, in Spain, situated about a league from Soria, on the Duero, is built on the site of ancient Numantia. (Miñano, _Diccionario Geográfico de España_.) [615] Appian, _Civil Wars_, V. iv. 38. [616] Velleius Paterculus, II. 20. [617] Titus Livius, XXXIV. 31. [618] Titus Livius, XLV. 21. [619] Titus Livius, VII. 43. [620] In 555, 585, and 639. (Titus Livius, XLV. 15.)--Aurelius Victor, _Illustrious Men_, lxii. [621] The tribune Licinius Crassus proposed, in 609, to transfer to the people the election of the pontiffs, until then nominated by the sacerdotal college. This proposition was adopted only in 650 by the law Domitia, and was anew abolished by Sylla. [622] Titus Livius, _Epitome_, LVII. [623] The expedition against the Scordisci, in 619. [624] Sallust, _Fragm._, I. 8. [625] “Corruption especially had increased, because, Macedonia destroyed, the empire of the world seemed thenceforth assured to Rome.” (Polybius, XI. 32.) [626] Sallust, _Fragm._, I. 10.