In "History of Sanitation," "Sewage Purification and Disposal" and "Principles and Practice of Plumbing" we feel that the literature of the craft has been enriched in an enduring manner, and that we have fully justified our appearance in the field of publishers as amply as we have our standing as manufacturers of a world-wide known and used product. =Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co.= =Pittsburgh, U. S. A.= Publishing Department Explanatory Description of Full Page Illustrations ANCIENT ROMAN FOUNTAIN AT CORINTH Page 6 An old fountain at Corinth, Greece, whose piping and stone construction date from about the time of the Christian era. It was standing here when St. Paul lived and taught in Corinth, and is still the only source of water supply for a large contingent of Greek housekeepers. Drinking water is carried home in jars, but washing is done on the spot, just as it was centuries ago. THE ROMAN AQUEDUCT OF SEGOVIA, SPAIN Page 36 This aqueduct is 937 feet long, and consists of 320 arches in two tiers, the highest arch in the lower tier being 102 feet. It is supposed to have been built in the time of Trajan. Segovia was an ancient Roman city located in old Castile, Spain, and was the residence of the kings of Leon and Castile. THE OLDEST BATHROOM IN THE WORLD Page 76 This photograph was made at the ruined palace and fortress of Tiryns, in Greece. It is regarded by archæologists as one of the oldest cities in the world, and is mentioned by name in Greek poetry of 2,000 years ago. Its rulers must have been men of great importance, as their stone palace (parts of its walls and galleries are as firm and solid as ever) was a structure of splendid dimensions and substantial character. There is no doubt the 8 × 9-foot slab of stone seen in the picture formed the floor of a bathroom. At the farther edge there still remains the slanting groove cut in as an outlet for water. BATHING AND BURNING HINDU DEAD AT BENARES Page 90 Dipping a corpse in the holy waters of the Ganges River before burning it on the bank—a daily occurrence at Benares, India. Some worshipper may very likely drink the water only twenty feet away. THE FOUNTAIN OF ELISHA Page 108 The waters of this ancient fountain were miraculously sweetened by the Prophet Elisha. Table of Contents CHAPTER I Page Sanitation of Primitive Man—Early Wells—Rebekah at the Well—Joseph's Well—Well at the Rancho Chack 1 CHAPTER II Cisterns—Early Mention of Cisterns—Cisterns of Carthage—Early Methods of Raising Water—Water Carriers—Pool of Siloam—Pool of Solomon—Aqueducts—Carthagenian Aqueduct—Aqueducts of Rome—Aqueduct of Segovia, Spain—Trophies of Marius 7 CHAPTER III Early Sewage Disposal—Removal of Offensive Materials from Temples of Jerusalem—Sewage Systems of a Pre-Babylonian City—Sewers of Rome—The Cloaca Maxima—The Dejecti-Effusive Act 29 CHAPTER IV