History of the Impeachment of Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, by the House of Representatives, and his trial by the Senate for high crimes and misdemeanors in office, 1868Ross, Edmund G. (Edmund Gibson)
History
History of the Impeachment of Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, by the House of Representatives, and his trial by the Senate for high crimes and misdemeanors in office, 1868
Ross, Edmund G. (Edmund Gibson)
Johnson, Andrew, 1808-1875 -- Impeachment
Done at the City of Washington, this 29th day of May, in the year, of
our Lord 1865, and of the Independence of the United States the 89th.
By the President: Andrew Johnson. William H. Seward. Secretary of State.
North Carolina was the first of the revolted States to which this
identical plan of reconstruction, or reorganization, was applied by Mr.
Johnson. Its application to the several States then lately in revolt,
was continued till the meeting of Congress in the following December,
1865.
On this matter Mr. Johnson, himself, testifies in his communication to
the Senate in 1867, relating to the removal of Mr. Stanton, that "This
grave subject (Reconstruction) had engaged the attention of Mr. Lincoln
in the last days of his life, and the plan according to which it was
to be managed had been prepared and was ready for adoption. A leading
feature of that plan was that it was to be carried out by Executive
authority. * * * The first business, transacted in the Cabinet after I
became President was this unfinished business of my predecessor. A plan
or scheme of reconstruction had been prepared for Mr. Lincoln by Mr.
Stanton. It was approved, and at the earliest moment practicable was
applied, in the form of a proclamation, to the State of North Carolina,
and afterwards became the basis of action in turn for the other States."
Mr. Stanton also testified before the House Impeachment Committee
of 1867, that he had "entertained no doubt of the authority of the
President to take measures for the reorganization of the rebel States
on the plan proposed, during the vacation of Congress, and agreed in the
plan specified in the proclamation in the case of North Carolina."
In the first attempt to impeach the President, in 1867, Mr. Johnson's
method of Reconstruction was the most conspicuous feature of the
prosecution. It was insisted by the extremists that it was a departure
from Mr. Lincoln's plan--an unwarranted assumption of authority by Mr.
Johnson--that its purpose was the recognition of the people of the South
as American citizens with the rights of such, and even as an act not
far removed from treason. In reference to this action of the President,
General Grant was called before the Committee and testified as follows:
Question: I wish to know whether, at or about the time of the war being
ended, you advised the President that it was, in your judgment, best to
extend a liberal policy towards the people of the South, and to restore
as speedily as possible the fraternal relations that existed prior to
the war between the sections?
Answer: I know that immediately after the close of the rebellion there
was a very fine feeling manifested in the South, and I thought we ought
to take advantage of it as soon as possible.
Ques. I understood you to say that Mr. Lincoln had inaugurated a policy
intended to restore these governments?
Ans. Yes Sir.
Ques. You were present when the subject was brought before the Cabinet?
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