=Revolutionary Movement=, in Russia, unfriendly attitude of, towards Jews, I 409 ff anti-Semitic tendency of, II 279 f early pogroms ascribed to influence of, II 259 f, 269, 279 Jews participate in, II 198, 221 ff, 243 f, III 67 ff, 105 ff Jewish college men join ranks of, II 348; particularly graduates of foreign universities, III 31 Jews held responsible for, III 70 spread of, among Jews, admitted by Russian officials as due to restrictive laws, II 364 f, III 93, 141 participation of Jews in, blamed for pogroms, II 305, III 89 152; intensifies anti-Semitism, III 16; prompts anti-Jewish restrictions at universities, III 28 pogroms engineered for suppression of, III 66 ff, 137 pogroms intensify spread of, among Jews, III 90 Zionism prohibited as contributory to, III 82 intensified after death of Plehve, III 98 combated by Black Hundred, III 124 ff Jewish participants in, executed, III 140; see Bund and Socialism =Rhescupondes, Dynasty of=, rulers of Jewish colonies in Crimea, I 14 f =Rhine=, the, Jewish immigration into Poland from, I 41 =Richelieu=, Duke, governor of Kherson, interested in Jewish agriculture, I 303 f =Richter, De=, aide-de-camp of Alexander III., receives pro-Jewish petition from Mayor of London, II 393 =Riesser, Gabriel=, German-Jewish publicist, II 219 compared with Osip Rabinovich, II 238 =Riga=, magistracy of, protests against contemplated expulsion of Jews (1743), I 256 Jews of White Russia forbidden to settle in, I 313 Max Lilienthal resides in, II 52 Lilienthal's school in, pointed to as model, II 137 Jewish community of, protests against denial of Jewish franchise (1905), III 121 See also Livonia =Rindfleisch=, persecution of, in Germany, drives Jews into Poland, I 50 =Riots=, see Pogroms =Ripon=, Bishop of, addresses Guildhall meeting in favor of Russian Jews, II 391 =Rishon-le-Zion=, Jewish colony in Palestine, II 322, 375