=Esau=, honored by a Gnostic sect, =2=, 375. =Eschenloer=, town clerk of Breslau, protests against cruelty towards Jews, =4=, 262. =Escrivao=, Jewish-Portuguese official, =4=, 159. “=Eshkol ha-Kofer=,” Karaite work by Jehuda ben Elia Hadassi, =3=, 362. =Eskapha, Joseph=, Talmudist, teacher of Sabbataï Zevi, =5=, 118. excommunicates him, =5=, 122. =Eskeles, Issachar Berush=, intercedes for the Moravian Jews, =5=, 252, 253. =Eski-Crimea.= _See_ Sulchat. =Esperaindo, Juan de=, assassin of Arbues, =4=, 330. =Essenes=, the, offshoot from the Assidæan party, =2=, 16-17, 24. give rise to the Pharisees, =2=, 17. wherein opposed to the Pharisees, =2=, 18. allied with the Pharisees, =2=, 24. rigid celebration of the Sabbath by, =2=, 24. Nazarite practices of, =2=, 24-5. celibates, =2=, 25. settle in Engadi, =2=, 25. communism of, =2=, 26. habits of, =2=, 26-7. mysticism of, =2=, 27-8. popular, =2=, 29. fatalists, =2=, 30. avoid the Temple, =2=, 30. initiation into the brotherhood of, =2=, 30-1. prophetic power ascribed to, =2=, 100. exempt from swearing allegiance to Herod, =2=, 108. conception of the Messianic age by, =2=, 145. the first to proclaim the advent of the Messiah, =2=, 145. Jesus attracted to, =2=, 150-1. displeased with Jesus, =2=, 162. followers of Jesus, =2=, 219-20. =Essenism=, the kernel of Christianity, =2=, 142. =Essex=, Earl of, takes Cadiz, =4=, 665. =Essinger, Samuel=, testifies in favor of Eibeschütz, =5=, 262. =Estella=, the Jews of, massacred, =4=, 77-8, 144. =Esther= (Esterka), mistress of Casimir III, =4=, 112. “=Esther=,” epic by Ansaldo Ceba, =5=, 69, 70. =Esther, the Book of=, additions to, =2=, 359. read in Spanish translation, =4=, 148. =Estori Parchi=, on the suffering of the French Jews, =4=, 48-9. emigrates to Palestine, =4=, 49. on the Karaites, =4=, 72. =Etam=, springs of, supply the second Temple, =1=, 421. =Etampes, d’=, Count, protects the French Jews, =4=, 130, 132. =Eternal Punishment=, dogma of, in the Kabbala, =4=, 292. =Ethbaal I=, of Tyre, allied with Omri of Israel, =1=, 194. =Ethbaal II=, of Tyre, vassal of Nebuchadnezzar, =1=, 304. rebels against Nebuchadnezzar, =1=, 306. urges war against Nebuchadnezzar, =1=, 309. =Ethics=, The, by Aristotle, translated, =4=, 193. by Spinoza, =4=, 167. =Ethnarch=, the prince of the Judæans in Egypt. _See_ Alabarch, the. =Ethnarch, office of=, created for the Judæans of the Nabathæan kingdom, =2=, 202. =Ethnarch, title of=, conferred on Hyrcanus II, =2=, 66, 76. on Archelaus, =2=, 127. on the President of the Synhedrion, =2=, 360. =Eucærus=, king of Syria, invades Judæa, =2=, 44. forced to retreat, =2=, 45.