History of the Origin, Formation, and Adoption of the Constitution of the United States, Vol. 2: With Notices of Its Principle FramersCurtis, George Ticknor
History
History of the Origin, Formation, and Adoption of the Constitution of the United States, Vol. 2: With Notices of Its Principle Framers
Curtis, George Ticknor
Constitutional history -- United States
But other considerations afterwards arose. When the final struggle
came on between the larger and the smaller States, upon the character
of the representation in the two branches, the plan of restricting
the origin of money bills to the House of Representatives presented
itself in a new aspect. The larger States were required to concede an
equality of representation in the Senate; and it was supposed,
therefore, that they would desire to increase the relative power of
the branch in which they would have the greatest numerical strength.
The five States of Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North
Carolina, and South Carolina had steadily resisted the equality of
votes in the Senate. When it was at length found that the States were
equally divided on this question, and it became necessary to appoint
the first committee of compromise, the smaller States tendered to the
five larger ones the exclusive money power of the House, as a
compensation for the sacrifice required of them. It was so reported by
the committee of compromise; and although it met with resistance in
the Convention, and was denied to be a concession of any importance to
the larger States, it was retained in the report,[149] and thus formed
a special feature of the resolutions sent to the committee of detail.
But those resolutions had also established the equality of
representation in the Senate, and the whole compromise, with its
several features, had therefore been once fully ascertained and
settled. A strong opposition, nevertheless, continued to be made to
the exclusive money power of the House, by those who disapproved of it
on its merits; and when the article by which it was given in the
reported draft prepared by the committee of detail was reached, it was
stricken out by a very large vote of the States.[150] In this vote
there was a concurrence of very opposite purposes on the part of the
different States composing the majority. New Jersey, Delaware, and
Maryland, for example, feeling secure of their equality in the Senate,
were not unwilling to allow theoretical objections to prevail, against
the restriction of money bills to the branch in which they would
necessarily be outnumbered. On the other hand, some of the delegates
of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and South Carolina, still unwilling to
acquiesce in the equality of representation in the Senate, may have
hoped to unhinge the whole compromise. There was still a third party
among the members, who insisted on maintaining the compromise in all
its integrity, and who considered that the nature of the
representation in the Senate, conceded to the wishes of the smaller
States, rendered it eminently fit that the House alone should have the
exclusive power to originate money bills.[151]
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