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History of the Water Supply of the World: arranged in a comprehensive form from eminent authorities, containing a description of the various methods of water supply, pollution and purification of waters, and sanitary effects, with analyses of potable waters, also geology and water strata of Hamilton county, Ohio, statistics of the Ohio river, proposed water supply of Cincinnati.Bell, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson)

History

History of the Water Supply of the World: arranged in a comprehensive form from eminent authorities, containing a description of the various methods of water supply, pollution and purification of waters, and sanitary effects, with analyses of potable waters, also geology and water strata of Hamilton county, Ohio, statistics of the Ohio river, proposed water supply of Cincinnati.

Name: History of the Water Supply of the World: arranged in a comprehensive form from eminent authorities, containing a description of the various methods of water supply, pollution and purification of waters, and sanitary effects, with analyses of potable waters, also geology and water strata of Hamilton county, Ohio, statistics of the Ohio river, proposed water supply of Cincinnati.
Author: Bell, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson)

Bell, Thomas J. (Thomas Jefferson)

Water-supply -- History; Water-supply -- Ohio -- Hamilton County

The Rivers Pollution Commission of Great Britain arrived at the
conclusion “that there is no river in the United Kingdom long enough
to effect the destruction of sewage by oxidation.” And a direct
contradiction of the statement by the eminent physician, Dr. Letheby,
medical officer to corporation of London, “that if sewage matter be
mixed with twenty times its bulk of ordinary river water, and flow a
dozen miles, there is not a particle of that sewage to be discovered
by chemical means.”

The experiments of this commission show “that scarcely two-thirds of
the sewage was destroyed in a flow of 168 miles, at the rate of one
mile per hour, or after the lapse of a week.”

Investigations of the Rivers Pollution Commission on Sewage Pollution
are as follows:


  REDUCTION BY OXIDATION IN RUNNING WATER.

  --------+--------------+-----------+---------------------------------
          |              |           |   PERCENTAGE OF REDUCTION OF
  NAME OF |LENGTH OF FLOW|TEMPERATURE|        ORGANIC ELEMENT.
  RIVER.  |  IN MILES.   |CENTIGRADE.+---------------+-----------------
          |              |           |IN ORG. CARBON.|IN ORG. NITROGEN.
  --------+--------------+-----------+---------------+-----------------
  Irwell  |      11      | 6   to 8  |      4.5      |       0
    “     |      11      |12         |      0        |      11.8
    “     |      11      |17         |     29.6      |       0
  Mersey  |      13      | 4   to 4.8|     20.8      |      17.9
  Darwin  |      13      | 6.8 to 10 |      0        |      13.2.
  --------+--------------+-----------+---------------+-----------------


REDUCTION OF SEWAGE BY AERATION.

One volume of filtered London sewage mixed with nine volumes of
water, the mixture contained .267 organic carbon and .081 organic
nitrogen. After agitation and freely exposed to the air and light
every day, and being syphoned, in a slender stream, from one vessel
to another, the result, after 96 hours, was .250 organic carbon, and
.058 organic nitrogen; and, after 196 hours’ test, was .2 organic
carbon, and .054 organic nitrogen. Temperature, 20° centigrade.

The above results would correspond to a flow of 96 miles, at rate
of one mile per hour, with a reduction in per cent of 6.4 organic
carbon, and 28.4 organic nitrogen; or a flow of 192 miles, at rate
of one mile per hour, with a reduction in per cent of 25.1 organic
carbon, and 33.3 organic nitrogen.

Test of a mixture of fresh sewage with Thames water, and enclosed
in stopped bottles, and opened to air at following intervals, with
results opposite the respective periods:

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