The actual invasion of Belgium commenced on the morning of August 4th, when twelve regiments of Uhlans crossed the frontier near Vise, and came in contact with a Belgian force driving it back upon Liége. King Albert of Belgium promptly appealed to England, Russia and France for aid in repelling the invader. England sent an ultimatum to Germany fixing midnight of August 4th as the time for expiration of the ultimatum. This demanded that satisfactory assurances be furnished immediately that Germany would respect the neutrality of Belgium. No reply was made by Germany and England’s declaration of war followed. Chancellor von Bethmann-Hollweg, of the German Empire, wrote Germany’s infamy into history when, in a formal statement, he acknowledged that the invasion of Belgium was “a wrong that we will try to make good again as soon as our military ends have been reached.” To Sir Edward Vochen, British Ambassador to Germany, he addressed the inquiry: “Is it the purpose of your country to make war upon Germany for the sake of a scrap of paper?” The treaty of 1839-1870 guaranteeing Belgium’s neutrality was the scrap of paper. With the entrance of England into the war, the issue between autocracy and democracy was made plain before the people of the world. Austria, and later Turkey, joined with Germany; France, and Japan, by reason of their respective treaty obligations joined England and Russia. Italy for the time preferred to remain neutral, ignoring her implied alliance with the Teutonic empires. How other nations lined up on the one side and the other is indicated by the State Department’s list of war declarations, and diplomatic severances, which follows: Austria against Belgium, Aug. 28, 1914. Austria against Japan, Aug. 27, 1914. Austria against Montenegro, Aug. 9, 1914. Austria against Russia, Aug. 6, 1914. Austria against Serbia, July 28, 1914. Belgium against Germany, Aug. 4, 1914. Brazil against Germany, Oct. 26, 1917. Bulgaria against Serbia, Oct. 14, 1915. China against Austria, Aug. 14, 1917. China against Germany, Aug. 14, 1917. Costa Rica against Germany, May 23, 1918. Cuba against Germany, April 7, 1917. Cuba against Austria-Hungary, Dec. 16, 1917. France against Austria, Aug. 13, 1914. France against Bulgaria, Oct. 16, 1915. France against Germany, Aug. 3, 1914. France against Turkey, Nov. 5, 1914. Germany against Belgium, Aug. 4, 1914. Germany against France, Aug. 3, 1914. Germany against Portugal, March 9, 1916. Germany against Roumania, Sept. 14, 1916. Germany against Russia, Aug. 1, 1914. Great Britain against Austria, Aug. 13, 1914. Great Britain against Bulgaria, Oct. 15, 1915. Great Britain against Germany, Aug. 4, 1914. Great Britain against Turkey, Nov. 5, 1914. Greece against Bulgaria, Nov. 28, 1916. (Provisional Government.) Greece against Bulgaria, July 2, 1917. (Government of Alexander.)