How Justice Grew: Virginia Counties, An Abstract of Their FormationHiden, Martha W. (Martha Woodroof)
History
How Justice Grew: Virginia Counties, An Abstract of Their Formation
Hiden, Martha W. (Martha Woodroof)
Counties -- Virginia -- History; Virginia -- History; Virginia -- History, Local
The next county formed, Lewis, which was cut from Harrison, also lay
later in West Virginia in the north central area. It derived its name
from a heroic soldier, Colonel Charles Lewis who was killed at the
Battle of Point Pleasant in 1774. Point Pleasant, situated near the
confluence of the Great Kanawha with the Ohio River was the scene of a
day-long bloody battle between the Virginia troops and Indian warriors
led by Cornstalk and Logan. General Andrew Lewis, brother of Colonel
Charles, was the commanding officer. The battle was hardly decisive and
General Lewis wished to follow and annihilate the fleeing enemy. Lord
Dunmore, in command of another detachment which arrived later, forbade
this and allowed the Indians to escape. This may have been one of the
reasons that influenced the Indians throughout the Revolution to espouse
the British cause.
The establishment of Lewis County in 1816 was followed two years later
by that of another county, Preston, formed from Monongalia, lying in the
northeast corner of West Virginia, and adjoining Pennsylvania and
Maryland. Preston County honored James Patton Preston, Governor of
Virginia 1816-1819.
Parts of Greenbrier, Kanawha and Randolph were made into the new county
of Nicholas in the same year that Preston was organized. Nicholas lies
to the east of Charleston, the capital of West Virginia. Its name
derives from Wilson Cary Nicholas, Governor of Virginia 1814-1816, and
predecessor of Governor Preston.
1820-1830 TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS IMPROVE, FOUR NEW COUNTIES
The next county to be created was taken from Hampshire and Berkeley and
represented a northern rather than a western expansion. It received the
name Morgan from General Daniel Morgan, one of the outstanding generals
of the Revolution who defeated Colonel Tarleton in the Battle of the
Cowpens.
The bounds of Morgan County are thus set forth: "Beginning at the mouth
of Cherry's Run at the river Potomac in the county of Berkeley, thence
up the middle of said Run to its source, thence due west to the top of
Sleepy Creek Mountain, thence along the top of said mountain to the line
that separates the counties of Frederick and Berkeley, thence with the
said line to the county of Hampshire, thence a direct line until it
strikes the river Potomac opposite Mitchell's Rock and thence by the
river Potomac to the beginning."
Pocahontas County created in 1821, a year after Morgan had been formed,
and likewise a West Virginia county, lies in the southeastern section of
the state opposite the Virginia county of Alleghany. Its name was a long
delayed tribute to the fine character and achievements of the Indian
maid Pocahontas. She both aided the settlers at Jamestown with gifts of
sorely needed food, and by her marriage to John Rolfe secured eight
years of peace for them. This period was vital to their survival.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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