How to become a scientist : $b Giving interesting and instructive experiments in chemistry, mechanics, acoustics and pyrotechnicsWarford, Aaron A.
Science
How to become a scientist : $b Giving interesting and instructive experiments in chemistry, mechanics, acoustics and pyrotechnics
Warford, Aaron A.
Scientific recreations
Into a small retort place about an ounce of strong liquor of potash;
that is, pure potash dissolved in water, together with about a drachm
of phosphorus. Let the neck or beak of the retort dip into a saucer of
water, say half an inch deep; now very gently heat the liquid in the
retort with a spirit-lamp until it boils. In a few minutes the retort
will be filled with a white cloud; then the gas generated will begin
to bubble at the end of the saucer; a minute more, each bubble, as it
issues from the boiling fluid, will _spontaneously take fire_ as it
comes into the air, forming at the same time the philosopher’s ring of
phosphoric acid. Care is required in handling phosphorus; but our young
chemical readers will, we think, not forego this wonderful experiment
for the want of due attention; for, without proper care on their part,
we must give up showing them wonders even greater than these.
The Paper Oracle.
Some amusement may be obtained among young people by writing, with
common ink, a variety of questions, on different bits of paper, and
adding a pertinent reply to each, written with nitro-muriate of gold.
The collection should be suffered to dry, and put aside, until an
opportunity offers for using them. When produced, the answers will be
invisible; desire different persons to select such questions as they
may fancy, and take them home with them; then promise, if they are
placed near the fire during the night, answers will appear written
beneath the questions in the morning; and such will be the fact, if the
paper be put in any dry, warm situation.
The Mimic Gas-House.
This shows a simple way of making illuminating gas, by means of a
tobacco-pipe. Bituminous coal contains a number of chemical compounds,
nearly all of which can, by distillation, be converted into an
illuminating gas; as with this gas nearly all our cities are now
lighted in the dark hours of night. To make it, obtain some coal-dust
(or walnut or butternut meats will answer), and fill the bowl of a pipe
with it; then cement the top over with some clay; place the bowl in the
fire, and soon smoke will be seen issuing from the end of the stem;
when that has ceased coming apply a light and it will burn brilliantly
for several minutes; after it has ceased, take the pipe from the fire
and let it cool, then remove the clay, and a piece of coke will be
found inside: this is the excess of carbon over the hydrogen contained
in the coal, for all the hydrogen will combine with carbon at a high
temperature, and make what are called hydrocarbons--a series of
substances containing both these elemental forms of matter.
Alum Basket.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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