Need of Studying Each Case.--Constant Attention and Oversight.--Value of Employment and Out-Door Exercise.-- Restriction and Idleness.--Paroxysms of Violence; How Cared For.--How to Hold or Carry a Patient.--Danger of Injury.-- Struggles to be Avoided.--Care of Destructive Patients.-- Use of Restraint, Seclusion, and Covered Bed. CHAPTER VII. CARE OF THE HOMICIDAL AND SUICIDAL INSANE, AND OF THOSE INCLINED TO ACTS OF VIOLENCE 53 Delusions of Suspicion.--Homicidal Patients.--Suicidal Patients.--Self-Mutilation.--Incendiary Patients. CHAPTER VIII. CARE OF SOME OF THE COMMON MENTAL STATES AND THE ACCOMPANYING BODILY CONDITIONS 60 Care in the Earlier Stages.--Insanity with Exhaustion.-- Symptoms of Danger.--Care of Dementia, Early Dementia, Chronic or Terminal Dementia.--Convalescence.--Relapse.-- Epilepsy.--Paresis.--Care of Paralytics, the Helpless, the Bed-ridden.--Bed-Sores. CHAPTER IX. SOME OF THE COMMON ACCIDENTS AMONG THE INSANE, AND THE TREATMENT OF EMERGENCIES 71 Certain Classes of Insane Liable to Injury.--Fractures.-- Wounds.--Bites.--Blows on the Head--Cut Throat.--Wounds of the Extremities with Hemorrhage.--Sprains.--Choking.-- Artificial Respiration.--Burns.--Frost-bites.--States of Unconsciousness.--Apoplexy.--Sunstroke.--Poisoning.--Eating Glass.--Injury with Needles. CHAPTER X. SOME SERVICES FREQUENTLY DEMANDED OF ATTENDANTS AND HOW TO DO THEM 85 Administration and Effects of Medicine.--Opium, Chloral, Hyoscine, and Hyoscyamine; Doses, Effects, Poisoning, Treatment.--Stimulants.--Applications of Heat and Cold.-- Baths and Wet Packing.--Hypodermic Injections.--Forcible Feeding with Stomach-Tube.--Nutritive Enemata. HOW TO CARE FOR THE INSANE. CHAPTER I. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND SOME OF ITS MORE IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS. The nervous system is made up of a nerve centre and nerves. The great nerve centre is the _Brain_ and _Spinal Cord_. The brain is a body weighing about forty ounces, and fills a cavity in the upper part of the skull. The spinal cord, commonly called spinal marrow, is directly connected with the brain. The skull rests upon the spinal column, or backbone, and there is a cavity inside the whole length of this column, which contains the cord. There is an opening through the base of the skull where it rests upon the spinal column, and it is through this opening that the fibres of the cord go, to pass into and become a part of the brain. These most important parts are carefully protected by a strong bony covering.