How to live: A manual of hygiene for use in the schools of the Philippine islandsKnapp, Adeline
Science
How to live: A manual of hygiene for use in the schools of the Philippine islands
Knapp, Adeline
Hygiene -- Popular works
The roof of our house is a very important part. Most of the roofs in
this country are of nipa or bamboo. These make a good protection against
the sun’s rays, but they need great care, and should be often renewed,
as the wind tears them so that they become leaky. They catch and hold
the dust, and are always hatching-places for all sorts of insects. The
roof of split bamboo is cheap, beautiful, and easy to make, but it is
also easily blown away by a high wind. If we use it, we must fasten it
with wire to the rafters and walls.
Wood makes a very bad roofing material. It decays quickly and is a poor
protection against the rain. Then, too, it can hardly be built so that a
great wind will not blow it away. Many roofs are now built of zinc, and
for some reasons this is good material to make them of. If we have a
zinc roof, however, we must build a garret between it and the living
rooms,—a sort of air chamber for the sake of coolness; for when the sun
beats down on the zinc roof, the metal gets very hot. This sort of roof
is useful for catching rain water; after the first rain has washed off
all the dust and dirt, then we may collect the rain water that falls
from the roof into our cisterns, and have a plentiful, pure supply
during the rainy season.
In early days roofs were covered with half-round red tiles. We see a
great many of them still on old houses, but they are heavy, and
dangerous as well during the typhoons and earthquakes that sometimes
visit us.
Perhaps the best of all roofs for this climate are the ones covered with
flat, broad pieces of slate, secured by wire or nails to boards and
rafters underneath, but roofs of this sort are expensive. It will
probably be best, therefore, for us to roof our house with zinc. If we
have an airy garret between it and the ceiling of the upper rooms, it
will be quite cool enough.
The rooms in our house will be very simple. We shall not have any heavy,
stiff carpets on the floors, to catch dust and breed disease. Nor shall
there be moldings or ornamental ledges along the walls, because these
also catch and hold the dust. Our rooms shall be easy to keep clean.
What pictures and ornaments we have on the walls shall be such as can
readily be reached and dusted. A room so decorated that it cannot be
kept free from dust and dirt cannot possibly be beautiful.
The kitchen of a house anywhere should be clean as can be, but
particularly in this country. It should be on the north side of the
house if possible, for the sake of shade. We will not, however, have
trees growing very near it, even to shade it. They have a saying in the
tropics that “He who grows a tree against his house invites death to his
door.” This means that dampness and shade made by the trees growing too
near the house breed disease and often bring death. So we shall have no
trees nearer our house than twenty feet.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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