Without attempting to point out _all_ the errors of this description, we will once more refer to Chauveau to settle the more important points. The reader will find in that work that the _femoral_ arteries have a branch called the _pre-pubic_, which in turn has a branch called the _external pudic_, from which the _mammary_ artery branches. It will also be found that the mammary artery “sends several divisions to the tissue of the udder, and is prolonged between the thighs by a perineal branch, which terminates in the inferior commissure of the vulva, after having furnished glandular and _cutaneous_ divisions.” Turning to the description of the gluteal arteries, we find that they ramify in the gluteal muscles, which are at a considerable distance from the perineum, and that nothing is said of their going to the last named part. Here, then, is complete and positive refutation of these arguments—not by mere statements of my own, but by the words of a standard work, of world-wide reputation, on the anatomy of these animals. Magne’s _facts_ are correct, then, whether his inferences are or not. _The same artery that supplies the udder with blood supplies the skin on which the escutcheon is formed; and, more than this, the artery ramifies in the direction in which the hair of the escutcheon grows._ Is there any connection between the two for all that? Who knows? A point or two to show that such a connection is not beyond the possible may still be in place. Erasmus Wilson, who has made a specialty of the skin and its diseases, shows that the direction of the hairs on the anterior surface of the human body is, commencing at a point near the arm-pit, downwards and slightly inwards towards the umbilicus, and that below this point the direction is upwards and inwards; so that the umbilicus “is the center of convergence of four streams,” as he expresses it. Now this disposition, complicated though it is, certainly resembles that of the arteries—the branches from the _axillary_ artery passing downwards and inwards, while the _epigastric_ arteries branch from the _femorals_ near the groin, and have a direction upwards and inwards. On the neck, the direction of the hair is upwards and backwards; in front of the ear, it is downwards and forwards; behind the ear, it is backwards—in each case following the arterial ramifications. In addition, Tisserant and others in France, who stand high as authorities, admit that the escutcheon continues to increase in relative surface till the second or third milking—that is, till the development of the udder, and, consequently, of the vessels supplying it have reached their highest point.