How to Visit the English CathedralsSingleton, Esther
History
How to Visit the English Cathedrals
Singleton, Esther
Cathedrals -- England
“On entering the choir, the visitor is immediately struck by the
singular bend with which the walls approach each other at the
eastern end. By this remarkable feature, together with the great
length of the Choir (180 feet; it is the longest in England) and
the lowness of the vaulting; the antique character of the
architecture enforced by the strongly contrasted Purbeck and Caen
stone, and the consequent fine effects of light and shadow. The
style is throughout Transition, having Norman and Early English
characteristics, curiously intermixed. The pillars with their
pier-arches, the clerestory wall above and the great vault up to
the Transepts, were entirely finished by William of Sens. The whole
work differed greatly from that of the former choir. The richly
foliated and varied capitals of the pillars, the great vault with
its ribs of stone, and the numerous slender shafts of marble in the
triforia, were all novelties exciting the great admiration of the
monks.”--(R. J. K.)
William of Sens, however, retained the second or Eastern Transepts,
which had existed in the former church.
Before the Reformation the Choir contained the high altar and the
altar-shrines of St. Alphege and St. Dunstan. No trace of the former
remains; but on the south wall of the Choir, between the monuments of
Archbishops Stratford and Sudbury, there is some diaper-work of open
lilies that adorned St. Dunstan’s altar.
The =High Altar= is on a higher level than the floor of the choir. It is
approached by two flights of steps (one on either side) in the
Presbytery, about 25 feet higher than the floor of the Nave. The Altar
was placed over the new Crypt, which is a good deal higher than the
older, or western, Crypt. The =Reredos=, erected in 1870, was designed in
the style of the screen-work in the Lady-Chapel in the Crypt. The
crimson velvet altar-coverings, now in use, were presented by Queen
Mary, wife of William III., and the gold chalice by the Earl of Arundell
in 1636. The =Archbishop’s Throne=, a gift of Archbishop Howley (£1200),
was carved by Flemish workmen from designs by Austen. The stone-pulpit,
by Butterfield, was erected in 1846. The eagle used as a Litany desk is
dated 1663.
The organ, built by Samuel Green, is believed to be the one used at the
Händel Festival in Westminster Abbey in 1784. It was remodelled in 1886.
Among the tombs and monuments of Archbishops and Cardinals are: Cardinal
Bourchier, who crowned Edward IV., Richard III. and Henry VII.;
Archbishop Howley, who crowned Queen Victoria; Stratford, Grand
Judiciary to Edward III.; Simon of Sudbury, whose head was cut off
during Wat Tyler’s rebellion; and Cardinal Kemp, who was present at
Agincourt.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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