Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
Thus the idea of power and the types of personality which, as standing
for that idea, have ascendency over us, are a function of our own
changing character. At one stage of their growth nearly all imaginative
boys look upon some famous soldier as the ideal man. He holds this place
as symbol and focus for the aggressive, contending, dominating impulses
of vigorous boyhood; to admire and sympathize with him is to gratify,
imaginatively, these impulses. In this country some notable speaker and
party leader often succeeds the soldier as a boyish ideal; his career is
almost equally dominating and splendid, and, in time of peace, not quite
so remote from reasonable aspiration. In later life these simple ideals
are likely to yield somewhat to others of a more special character,
depending upon the particular pursuit into which one’s energies are
directed. Every occupation which is followed with enthusiasm has its
heroes, men who stand for the idea of power or efficient action as
understood by persons of a particular training and habit. The world of
commerce and industry is full of hero-worship, and men who have made
great fortunes are admired, not unjustly, for the personal prowess such
success implies; while people of a finer intellectual development have
their notion of power correspondingly refined, and to them the artist,
the poet, the man of science, the philanthropist, may stand for the
highest sort of successful action.
It should be observed, however, that the simpler and more dramatic or
visually imaginable kinds of power have a permanent advantage as regards
general ascendency. Only a few can appreciate the power of Darwin, and
those few only when the higher faculties of their minds are fully awake;
there is nothing dramatic, nothing appealing to the visual imagination,
in his secluded career. But we can all _see_ Grant or Nelson or Moltke
at the head-quarters of their armies, or on the decks of their ships,
and hear the roar of their cannons. They hold one by the eye and by the
swelling of an emotion felt to be common to a vast multitude of people.
There is always something of the intoxication of the crowd in the
submission to this sort of ascendency. However alone our bodies may be,
our imaginations are in the throng; and for my part whenever I think of
any occasion when a man played a great part before the eyes of mankind,
I feel a thrill of irrational enthusiasm. I should imagine, for
instance, that scarcely anyone could read such a thing as “Sheridan’s
Ride” without strong feeling. He witnesses the disorder, uncertainty,
and dismay of the losing battle, the anxious officers trying to stay the
retreat, and longing for the commander who has always led to victory.
Then he follows the ride from “Winchester twenty miles away,” and shares
the enthusiasm of the army when the valiant and beloved leader rides
forth upon the field at last, renewing every heart by his presence and
making victory out of defeat.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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