Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
In comparison with this other kinds of
power seem obscure and separate. It is the drama of visible courage,
danger, and success, and the sense of being one of a throng to behold
it, that makes the difference.
This need of a dramatic or visually imaginable presentation of power is
no doubt more imperative in the childlike peoples of Southern Europe
than it is in the sedater and more abstractly imaginative Teutons; but
it is strong in every people, and is shared by the most intellectual
classes in their emotional moods. Consequently these heroes of the
popular imagination, especially those of war, are enabled to serve as
the instigators of a common emotion in great masses of people, and thus
to produce in large groups a sense of comradeship and solidarity. The
admiration and worship of such heroes is probably the chief feeling that
people have in common in all early stages of civilization, and the main
bond of social groups. Even in our own time this is more the case than
is understood. It was easy to see, during the Spanish-American War, that
the eager interest of the whole American people in the military
operations, and the general and enthusiastic admiration of every trait
of heroism, was bringing about a fresh sense of community throughout the
country and so renewing and consolidating the collective life of the
nation.
If we ask what are the mental traits that distinguish a leader, the only
answer seems to be that he must, in one way or another, be a great deal
of a man, or at least appear to be. He must stand for something to which
men incline, and so take his place by right as a focus of their thought.
Evidently he must be the best of his kind available. It is impossible
that he should stand forth as an archetype, unless he is conceived as
superior, in some respect, to all others within range of the
imagination. Nothing that is seen to be second-rate can be an ideal; if
a character does not bound the horizon at some point we will look over
it to what we can see beyond. The object of admiration may be Cæsar
Borgia, or Napoleon, or Jesse James the train-robber, but he must be
typical, must stand for something. No matter how bad the leader may be,
he will always be found to owe his leadership to something strong,
affirmative, and superior, something that appeals to onward instinct.
To be a great deal of a man, and hence a leader, involves, on the one
hand, a significant individuality, and, on the other, breadth of
sympathy, the two being different phases of personal calibre, rather
than separate traits.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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