Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
Notwithstanding the mystery that is often made of this, it appears to be
simply a matter of impulsive personal judgment, an impression of power
and a sense of yielding due to interpretation of the visible or audible
symbols of personality, discussed in a previous chapter. Another may
impress us with his power, and so exercise ascendency over us, either by
grossly performing the act, or by exhibiting traits of personality which
convince our imaginations that he can and will do the act if he wishes
to. It is in this latter way, through imaginative inference, that people
mostly work upon us in ordinary social intercourse. It would puzzle us,
in many cases, to tell just how we know that a man is determined,
dauntless, magnanimous, intrinsically powerful, or the reverse. Of
course reputation and past record count for much; but we judge readily
enough without them, and if, like Orlando in “As You Like It,” he “looks
successfully,” we believe in him. The imagination is a sort of
clearing-house through which great forces operate by convenient symbols
and with a minimum of trouble.
The man of action who, like Napoleon, can dominate the minds of others
in a crisis, must have the general traits of leadership developed with
special reference to the promptness of their action. His individual
significance must take the form of a palpable decision and
self-confidence; and breadth of sympathy becomes a quick tact to grasp
the mental state of those with whom he deals, so that he may know how to
plant the dominating suggestion. Into the vagueness and confusion that
most of us feel in the face of a strange situation, such a man injects a
clearcut idea. There is a definiteness about him which makes us feel
that he will not leave us drifting, but will set a course, will
substitute action for doubt, and give our energies an outlet. Again, his
aggressive confidence is transmitted by suggestion, and acts directly
upon our minds as a sanction of his leadership. And if he adds to this
the tact to awaken no opposition, to make us feel that he is of our
sort, that his suggestions are quite in our line, in a word that we are
safe in his hands; he can hardly be resisted.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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