Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
The ascendency of personal authority is usually greater in proportion as
the mind is of a simple, visually imaginative, rather than reflective
turn. People of the sort commonly called “emotional,” with ready and
vivid personal feeling but little constructive power, are likely to
yield to an ascendent influence as a whole, with little selection or
reconstruction. Their individuality is expressed chiefly in the choice
of a master; having chosen, they are all his. If they change masters
they change morals at the same time. The mental unity of which they,
like all the rest of us, are in search, is found in allegiance to a
concrete personality, which saves them the impossible task of abstract
thought. Such people, however, usually feel an attraction toward
stability in others, and secure it for themselves by selecting a
steadfast personality to anchor their imaginations to.
This, of course, is possible or congenial only to those who lack the
mental vigor to make in a more intellectual manner that synthesis of
which moral judgment is the expression. Those who have this vigor make
use of many examples, and if they acknowledge the pre-eminence of
anyone, he is likely to be vaguely conceived and to be in reality no
more than the symbol of their own moral conclusions.
The immediate power of personal images or influences over our sense of
right is probably greater in all of us than we realize. “It is
wonderful,” says George Eliot in “Middlemarch,” “how much uglier things
will look when we only think we are blamed for them ... and, on the
other hand, it is astonishing how pleasantly conscience takes our
encroachments on those who never complain, or have nobody to complain
for them.” That is to say, other persons, by awaking social self-feeling
in us, give life and power to certain sentiments of approval or
disapproval regarding our own actions. The rule, already suggested, that
the self of a sensitive person, in the presence of an ascendent
personality, tends to become his interpretation of what the other thinks
of him, is a prime factor in determining the moral judgments of all of
us. Everyone must have felt the moral renewal that comes with the mere
presence of one who is vigorously good, whose being enlivens our
aspiration and shames our backsliding, who makes us really feel the
desirability of the higher life and the baseness and dulness of the
lower.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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