Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
Since, therefore, the need to impart is of this primary and essential
character, we ought not to look upon it as something separable from and
additional to the need to think or to be; it is only by imparting that
one is enabled to think or to be. Everyone, in proportion to his natural
vigor, necessarily strives to communicate to others that part of his
life which he is trying to unfold in himself. It is a matter of
self-preservation, because without expression thought cannot live.
Imaginary conversation—that is, conversation carried on without the
stimulus of a visible and audible response—may satisfy the needs of the
mind for a long time. There is, indeed, an advantage to a vigorously
constructive and yet impressible imagination in restricting
communication; because in this way ideas are enabled to have a clearer
and more independent development than they could have if continually
disturbed by criticism or opposition. Thus artists, men of letters, and
productive minds of all sorts often find it better to keep their
productions to themselves until they are fully matured. But, after all,
the response must come sooner or later or thought itself will perish.
The imagination, in time, loses the power to create an interlocutor who
is not corroborated by any fresh experience. If the artist finds no
appreciator for his book or picture he will scarcely be able to produce
another.
People differ much in the vividness of their imaginative sociability.
The more simple, concrete, dramatic, their habit of mind is, the more
their thinking is carried on in terms of actual conversation with a
visible and audible interlocutor. Women, as a rule, probably do this
more vividly than men, the unlettered more vividly than those trained to
abstract thought, and the sort of people we call emotional more vividly
than the impassive. Moreover, the interlocutor is a very mutable person,
and is likely to resemble the last strong character we have been in
contact with. I have noticed, for instance, that when I take up a book
after a person of decided and interesting character has been talking
with me I am likely to hear the words of the book in his voice. The same
is true of opinions, moral standards, and the like, as well as of
physical traits. In short, the interlocutor, who is half of all thought
and life, is drawn from the accessible environment.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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