Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
Let us now consider somewhat more carefully the way in which ideas of
people grow up in the mind, and try to make out, as nearly as we can,
their real nature and significance.
The studies through which the child learns, in time, to interpret
personal expression are very early begun. On her twelfth day M. was
observed to get her eyes upon her mother’s face; and after gazing for
some time at it she seemed attracted to the eyes, into which she looked
quite steadily. From the end of the first month this face study was very
frequent and long-continued. Doubtless anyone who notices infants could
multiply indefinitely observations like the following:
“M., in her eighth week, lies in her mother’s lap gazing up at her
face with a frown of fixed and anxious attention. Evidently the play
of the eyes and lips, the flashing of the teeth, and the wrinkles of
expression are the object of her earnest study. So also the coaxing
noises which are made to please her.”
“She now [four months and twenty-one days old] seems to fix her
attention almost entirely upon the eyes, and will stare at them for a
minute or more with the most intent expression.”
The eye seems to receive most notice. As Perez says: “The eye is one of
the most interesting and attractive of objects; the vivacity of the
pupil set in its oval background of white, its sparkles, its darts of
light, its tender looks, its liquid depths, attract and fascinate a
young child....”[18] The mouth also gets much attention, especially when
in movement; I have sometimes noticed a child who is looking into the
eyes turn from them to the mouth when the person commences to talk: the
flashing of the teeth then adds to its interest. The voice is also the
object of close observation. The intentness with which a child listens
to it, the quickness with which he learns to distinguish different
voices and different inflections of the same voice, and the fact that
vocal imitation precedes other sorts, all show this. It cannot fail to
strike the observer that observation of these traits is not merely
casual, but a strenuous study, often accompanied by a frown of earnest
attention. The mind is evidently aroused, something important is going
on, something conscious, voluntary, eager. It would seem likely that
this something is the storing up, arrangement, and interpretation of
those images of expression which remain throughout life the
starting-point of personal imaginations.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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