Hygiene: a manual of personal and public health (New Edition)Newsholme, Arthur, Sir
Science
Hygiene: a manual of personal and public health (New Edition)
Newsholme, Arthur, Sir
Hygiene; Public health -- Great Britain; Sanitation
=Fish= forms an important article of diet. It is easily cooked, and
usually very digestible; it possesses a larger bulk in proportion
to its nutritive quality, and hence is very valuable for those who
habitually take an excess of meat food, which is commonly the case with
those leading sedentary lives, and in declining years. There appears
to be no foundation for the statement that fish is rich in phosphorus,
and is thus a good brain food. Generally, white-fleshed fish is more
digestible than red-fleshed (such as salmon), the latter usually
containing more fat than the former. When the fat is distributed
throughout the flesh, as in the salmon, fish is more satisfying than
when it is mainly stored up in the liver, as in the cod-fish. According
to Payen, the percentage proportion of fat in soles is only 0.248,
in whiting 0.383, conger eel 5.021, mackerel 5.758, eels 23.861. The
addition of some fatty food, as melted butter, is very advisable to
such meats as poultry, rabbits, soles, whiting, plaice, haddock, cod,
turbot, and other fishes; whereas sprats, eels,. herrings, pilchards,
salmon, etc., are more or less rich in fat.
=A Hen’s Egg= usually weighs a little under two ounces. It consists of
74 per cent. of water and 26 per cent. of solid matter. The white of
the egg is chiefly albumin, the yolk consists of a very digestible oil,
rich in phosphorus and iron, each particle of the oil being enveloped
in a form of albumin called vitellin. The salts are chiefly contained
in the shell. There is no sugar in the egg, the necessity for such
oxidisable material for the chick being obviated by the heat produced
by incubation. Eggs, when kept for some time, lose weight, owing to
evaporation through the porous shell; similarly, air entering from
without sets up decomposition. In a solution of brine containing an
ounce of common salt to half a pint of water, fresh eggs sink, stale
ones float; rotten eggs may even float in fresh water. Eggs may be
preserved by keeping them in brine, or, better still in lime water, or
by smearing them over with lard or butter, as soon as possible after
they are laid.
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