Illustrations of Shakspeare, and of Ancient Manners:: with Dissertations on the Clowns and Fools of Shakspeare; on a Collection of Popular Tales Entitled Gesta Romanorum; and on the English Morris dance.Douce, Francis
History
Illustrations of Shakspeare, and of Ancient Manners:: with Dissertations on the Clowns and Fools of Shakspeare; on a Collection of Popular Tales Entitled Gesta Romanorum; and on the English Morris dance.
Douce, Francis
Clowns -- England -- History -- 16th century; Clowns in literature; Exempla in literature; Fools and jesters -- England -- History -- 16th century; Fools and jesters in literature; Gesta Romanorum; Manners and customs in literature; Morris dance; Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Characters -- Clow
On which Dr. Johnson observes, "The word _will_ is here ambiguous. He
wishes to _gain_ her _will_; she tells him, if he wants her _will_ he
has it." The learned critic seems to have mistaken the sense of the
word _compass_, when he says it means _to gain_. If it did, his remark
would be just. But to _compass_ in this place signifies, to _perform_,
_accomplish_, _take measures for doing a thing_. Thus in _Twelfth
night_, Act I. Scene 2, "that were hard to _compass_;" and in _1 Hen._
VI. Act V. Scene 5, "You judge it impossible to _compass_ wonders."
Accordingly Sylvia proceeds to instruct Proteus _how_ he may perform
her will. _Wish_ and _will_ are here used, as in many other places,
though inaccurately, as synonymous. If however Shakspeare really
designed to make Proteus say that he was desirous of _gaining_ Sylvia's
good will, she must be supposed, in her reply, purposely to mistake his
meaning.
SCENE 2. Page 260.
SIL. But since your falshood shall _become_ you well
To worship shadows, and adore false shapes.
Dr. Johnson objects to the sense of this passage, and the other
commentators offer conjectural interpretations; yet surely nothing is
more clear than the sense, and even the grammar may be defended. It
is simply, "since your falsehood shall _adapt or render you fit_ to
worship shadows." _Become_ here answers to the Latin _convenire_, and
is used according to its genuine Saxon meaning.
SCENE 2. Page 260.
HOST. By my HALLIDOM, I was fast asleep.
This Mr. Ritson explains, _by my holy doom_, or _sentence at the
resurrection_, from the Saxon halɩᵹꝺom; but the word does not appear
to have had such a meaning. It rather signifies holiness or honesty.
It likewise denoted a sacrament, a sanctuary, relics of saints, or
anything holy. It seems in later times to have been corrupted into
_holidame_, as if it expressed the holy virgin. Thus we have _so help
me God and hollidame_. See Bullein's _Book of the use of sicke men_,
1579, in folio, fo. 2 b.
SCENE 4. Page 270.
JUL. But since she did neglect her looking-glass,
And threw her _sun-expelling mask_ away.
It was the fashion at this time for the ladies to wear masks, which are
thus described by the puritanical Stubs in his _Anatomie of abuses_,
1595, 4to, p. 59. "When they use to ride abroad they have _masks and
visors made of velvet_ wherewith they cover all their faces, having
holes made in them against their eyes, whereout they looke. So that if
a man that knew not their guise before, should chaunce to meet one of
them, he would think he met a monster or a Devil, for face he can shew
(see) none, but two broad holes against their eyes, with glasses in
them." More will be said on the subject of this mode of disguising the
female face in a remark on _The merry wives of Windsor_, Act IV. Scene
2.
SCENE 4. Page 271.
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