Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pa. — John Shaqi
Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pa.Riley, Edward M.
History
Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pa.
Riley, Edward M.
Independence National Historical Park (Philadelphia, Pa.)
With the completion of the committee room and library, no additional
structures were erected in the State House Yard during the Colonial
period. However, other buildings were contemplated. On February 20,
1736, the Assembly reserved the lots on Chestnut Street at the corners
of Fifth and Sixth Streets for the erection of a city hall and county
courthouse within the next 20 years, but these buildings were not
constructed until several years after the Revolution.
_Two Centuries of Independence Hall_
[Illustration: _Plan of the State House, 1732, attributed to Andrew
Hamilton. The elevation of the main building shows it substantially
as first built. A skimpy plan like this seems inadequate to people
of the 20th century, accustomed to meticulous architectural
drawings. Detailed drafts had not been introduced in the 1700’s;
rather, the master builders in the field were a combination of what
we would call today architects, engineers, and workmen. On them lay
the burden of supplying the technical details between the simple
sketch and the finished structure. Such a man was Edmund Woolley,
master carpenter of the State House._ Courtesy Historical Society of
Pennsylvania.]
[Illustration: _The State House as it appeared in the Colonial
period, showing the wings, connecting “piazzas” with stairways, and
original steeple. As first designed (see preceding illustration) and
built, the State House had no tower or steeple. These were added
around mid-century, and a bell was ordered for the steeple in 1751.
This State House bell, which was hung in the new addition in 1753,
has since become renowned as the Liberty Bell. This drawing and the
next six are modern illustrations based on 18th-century written
descriptions and pictures._]
[Illustration: _The State House, about 1776, with wing buildings
adjoined by wooden sheds. These were used during the Revolutionary
War to store ammunition and, perhaps, to shelter Indian delegations
at various times. The wings were used as office space and, in part,
even as living quarters for the doorkeeper and his family._]
[Illustration: _By 1773, the steeple had rotted to a dangerous
extent. It had become so weak that ringing of the hell was avoided
for fear of toppling the steeple. Though the Pennsylvania Assembly
had long intended to remove this badly decayed structure, it was not
done till 1781—the year of the British surrender at Yorktown, Va.
After the steeple was removed, the brick tower was covered with a
hipped roof, shown here, and the bell hung just below it._]
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