In Virginia, especially, there was much confusion regarding the position of the slave as a person and as property. Until after the Revolution, taxes were chiefly imposed according to the number of tithables in each county, i. e., persons assessed for a poll tax.[809] The act of 1649 declared all imported male servants to be tithables. Indians imported into the colony as servants were included by implication. Since in the preceding year an act had declared that a specified poll tax should be levied only on the tithables, Indian servants, as they must be called before 1670,[810] were attributed a legal personality or a membership in the social status inconsistent with the condition of a chattel or property. By the act of March, 1658, Indian servants, male and female, sixteen years of age, were included among the tithables by specific mention.[811] The same provision was repeated in the acts of March, 1662.[812] Some doubt having arisen as to whether this law applied to female Indian servants as well as to male, acts were passed in December, 1662,[813] September, 1672[814] and November, 1682,[815] to settle the matter. The former act related to women servants commonly employed in “working in the crop”; the latter declared that “all Indian women are and shall be tithables, and ought to pay levies in like manner as negro women brought into this country do, and ought to pay.” In 1682, the gradual process of change from the status of Indian servitude to that of Indian slavery was completed. The Virginia act of 1670 had decreed a condition of slavery for all Indians imported into the colony by sea.[816] But the great body of subject Indians were natives of the country. Such Indians remained servants up to 1676, when at the beginning of the Indian war, one of Bacon’s laws made all Indian captives slaves.[817] In 1682, slavery was extended to captives sold by tributary Indians “in the hope of mitigating their condition as it was certain that they would be held in slavery by their captors.”[818] These acts did not make provision for changing the condition of Indian servants that existed in the colony before 1670. Such a change had come about through a gradual and natural process with the passage of the laws mentioned and the changed attitude toward the subject Indians, so that in fact all subject Indians were not considered slaves. Hence, in 1682, all Indian slaves were considered in law as persons inasmuch as they were tithables. By 1705 it was found necessary, for legal purposes, to “advance the property notion of the slave from personalty to realty,”[819] though certain incidents of personalty were still retained. The statute of that year by which the change was effected provided that in future “all negro, mulatto or Indian slaves in all courts of jurisdiction and other places within this dominion shall be held, taken and adjudged to be real estate and not chattels”.[820] As a part of real estate property slaves were subject to taxation. An act