Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United StatesLauber, Almon Wheeler
History
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States
Lauber, Almon Wheeler
Indians of North America; Indians, Treatment of -- United States; Slavery -- United States; Thesis (Ph. D.)
According as an Indian nation proved friendly or unfriendly, the whites
used it for their own advantage. Originally the slaves consisted almost
entirely of captives taken in war, for there was but little trade among
the different nations and tribes until articles of commerce were given
by the whites in return for furs and slaves. How the traffic in slaves
was affected is seen in the case of the Choctaw and the Chickasaw,
the former friends of the French, the latter, of the English. The ill
feeling of the two nations was nourished by the international rivalry
of their white allies to whom the Indians disposed of many of their
captive slaves.[48] The Spaniards of Mexico made slave raids and
induced the Indians to do so. La Salle’s expedition, found abundant
evidence in 1687 of Spanish trade among the Cenis Indians, in their
possession of pieces of money, silver spoons, lace, clothes and a bull
from Rome exempting the Spaniards in Mexico from fasting during the
summer.[49] Some messengers of the Chouman among the Cenis, and the
Cenis themselves, told the French of the slave raids and of the cruel
treatment of the Indians by the Spaniards to the southward.[50]
Even the Jesuits were not averse to stirring up tribe against tribe.
So strong was their interest in the Huron that, for the advancement
of the Jesuit cause, it was felt advisable to break up the Iroquois
power. Even La Salle advised such a course of action, and urged that
the French strengthen the southern Indians by supplying them with
firearms and in other ways, so that they might be enabled to defeat the
Iroquois, destroy their organization, and carry off their women and
children as slaves.[51]
On the other hand, since the Huron were the friends of the French and
had been largely converted by the French missionaries, the Jesuits
sought to better the lot of the Huron slaves held by the Iroquois,[52]
and sent an earnest appeal to the Christians in France to contribute
funds for the redemption of the Christian captives.[53] Hennepin’s
_Narrative_ tells of an attempt made by the Jesuits in 1681 to free
some Ottawa Indians who were slaves among the Iroquois, by gifts of
wampum belts, and by telling the Iroquois that these Ottawa were the
children of the governor of the French, and that by holding them they
were making war on the French.[54]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account