Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States — John Shaqi
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United StatesLauber, Almon Wheeler
History
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States
Lauber, Almon Wheeler
Indians of North America; Indians, Treatment of -- United States; Slavery -- United States; Thesis (Ph. D.)
In the French colonies of America, Indian slavery was never authorized
by legal declaration during the early colonial period.[162] In fact,
the matter received no attention whatever from the home government.
Such lack of notice on the part of the monarch was due to the
insignificance of American affairs in general, and to the unimportance
of the institution of Indian slavery in particular. Gradually, however,
as the matter began to assume importance in the system of trade,
through the influence of the trading companies certain indirect royal
action was taken in the eighteenth century, and this action recognized
the existing institution as legal. The modifications which the king
sought to accomplish in it did not aim to destroy the institution, but
rather tended to make it better suited to the requirements of trade.
Some doubt appears to have existed regarding the legal status of Indian
slaves, and, in order to remove it, Jacques Raudot, the intendant at
Quebec, decreed in April, 1709, that “all the Pawnis and Negroes, who
have been bought and who shall be purchased hereafter, shall belong
in full proprietorship to those who have purchased them as their
slaves.”[163] The state of unrest caused by the “coureurs de bois”
and others stirring up the tribes in order to take captives for sale
to the French as slaves, interfered with the success of the trading
corporation then in possession of Louisiana, and on October 25, 1720,
the Company of the Indies issued a command from Paris, stating that
such action was contrary to the command of the king, and harmful to
both the commercial welfare of the Company and the establishments
which it hoped to make in the territory of the Illinois, Missouri and
Arkansas tribes. The Sieur de Bourgmont, in the service of the Company
in that area, was directed to arrest and confiscate the merchandise
of the “voyageurs” who should come to trade within the confines of
his jurisdiction without first obtaining permission and declaring to
him the motives with which they wished to trade. Bienville, then in
immediate charge of the colony in Louisiana, was directed to execute
this order of the Company at once, and all other officers as well were
enjoined to carry it out and to give any aid and assistance to M. de
Bourgmont which he might require in fulfilling his instructions.[164]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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