Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United StatesLauber, Almon Wheeler
History
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States
Lauber, Almon Wheeler
Indians of North America; Indians, Treatment of -- United States; Slavery -- United States; Thesis (Ph. D.)
The earliest of the slave-producing wars in New England was that with
the Pequot in 1637. The war consisted of two battles: the Mistick
Fight, and the Swamp Fight. In the first of these two events, but
seven captives were taken.[435] In the second, the Swamp Fight, about
one hundred and eighty captives were taken.[436] Two of the sachems
taken in the Swamp Fight were spared, on promise that they guide the
English to the retreat of Sassacus. The other men captives, some
twenty or thirty in number, were put to death.[437] The remaining
captives, consisting of about eighty women and children, were divided.
Some were given to the soldiers, whether gratis or for pay does not
appear. Thirty were given to the Narraganset who were allies of the
English, forty-eight were sent to Massachusetts and the remainder
were assigned to Connecticut.[438] The women and girls of the
Massachusetts captives were distributed among the towns.[439] It
seems probable that Connecticut made a similar disposition of its
share of the captives regardless of sex.[440] The male children among
the Massachusetts captives were ordered by the Massachusetts general
court, 1637, to be carried to the Bermudas by William Pierce, and sold
there as slaves.[441] The shipload of Indians, however, consisting of
fifteen boys and two women was taken by Captain Pierce to the West
Indies., instead of to the Bermudas, and disposed of at the island
of Providence.[442] One Pequot seized near Block Island was sent to
England.[443]
It is possible that this single cargo of women and children was not
the only one sent to the islands at this time. A letter from the
Company of Providence Islands, replying from London, July 3, 1638, to
letters from authorities on the island, and directing that special
care be taken of the “cannibal negroes brought from New England,”[444]
and a second letter written in 1639, when the company, fearing the
danger that might arise from too large a number of negroes on the
island, suggested that the negroes be sold or sent to New England
or Virginia,[445] may possibly have been called forth by a further
purchase of Indians, or by an exchange of negroes for them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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