Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United StatesLauber, Almon Wheeler
History
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States
Lauber, Almon Wheeler
Indians of North America; Indians, Treatment of -- United States; Slavery -- United States; Thesis (Ph. D.)
To supply the ever-increasing demand for Indian slaves, the tribes of
the south and southwest constantly preyed upon each other. The matter
of international rivalry also entered largely into the policy of the
Carolinians. The Indians of the south and west were divided in their
allegiance to the three white races, Spanish, French and English. Each
of these three nations sought not only to win and hold the allegiance
of as many of the tribes as possible, but also to use these tribes
to strike at its rival’s allies, and the readiness with which the
English, especially, bought the captives for slaves served to keep up a
continuous series of depredations of tribe upon tribe.[596]
The Westo, an important tribe on the southern border of South
Carolina, furnished a number of such captives during the latter part
of the eighteenth century in spite of their two treaties made with
the proprietors, 1677 and 1678, in which they promised not to prey
upon the smaller and weaker tribes who were friends and allies of the
English.[597] In 1693, the Cherokee sent a delegation to Governor Smith
of South Carolina to complain of the Esaw, Congaree, and Savannah
who were preying upon those tribes and selling the captives thus
obtained as slaves to the English. The Savannah, like the Westo, were
so acting in violation of their treaty by which they agreed not to
molest neighboring tribes.[598] In 1706, English Indian allies attacked
Pensacola and carried off members of the Apalachee tribe for sale as
slaves.[599] On July 10, 1708, Thomas Maine, an agent of the general
assembly of South Carolina, reported to that body that the Talapoosa
and the Chickasaw, incited by the good prices which the traders offered
them for captives, were engaged in making slaves of the Indians on the
lower Mississippi who were subject to the French. In this instance one
finds the usual excuse given by the English in such cases: “some men
think it both serves to lessen their number before the French can arm
them, and it is a more effective way of civilizing and instructing them
than all the efforts used by the French missionaries”.[600]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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