Indians of LouisianaInter-tribal Council of Louisiana
History
Indians of Louisiana
Inter-tribal Council of Louisiana
Indians of North America -- Louisiana
A tribe _probably related to the Acotapissa_ and perhaps originally a
part of them, whose home at the end of the 17th century was on an
_affluent of Lake Pontchartrain_ which still bears their name. Some may
at one time have moved to the Mississippi, Sioucie. LaSalle in 1682,
found, on the east side of the river, 2 leagues below the Quinipissa
settlement, a town recently destroyed and partly burned by enemies,
which some said was named “Tangibao”, though others called it
“Maheonala” or “Mahehoualaima”. The remnants of this tribe probably
united or reunited with the Acotapissa and eventually merged with the
Houmas.
KADOHADACHO (CADDO)
_Caddo_—
The name Caddo is applied collectively to an important group of
approximately 25 tribes forming 3 or more confederated groups of
Kadohadacho covering the present states of Arkansas, Louisiana, and
Oklahoma.
Their culture was considerably different from those of other Louisiana
tribes. They allied themselves with the plains cultures and unlike the
other tribes of the state, who were afraid of horses, the Caddo readily
accepted and utilized them for hunting buffalo and other game.
The Caddo was very large and powerful before the arrival of the
Europeans. They had highly developed social and ceremonial organizations
with surrounding tribes. They were excellent farmers and noted for their
outstanding pottery. Their importance in history however quickly
diminished with the arrival of the white man.
Their name comes from their own word Kadohadacho which was later
shortened to Caddo by the white man. They seem to have always lived on
the Red River where they planted corn, pumpkins, and various vegetables.
They did not tolerate idleness and those who did not work were punished.
They worked their fields in good weather and attended their handiwork,
made bows and arrows, clothing, and tools during cold rainy weather. The
women kept busy making mats out of reed and leaves and by making pots
and bowls from clay.
When it was time to till the fields all the men assembled and worked
first one field and then another until every field of all the households
were ready for planting. The planting was never done by the men; only
the women. To supplement their crops the men hunted and fished.
Each tribe had a chief called a Caddi, who ruled within the section of
country occupied by his tribe. The larger tribes also had sub-chiefs,
the number depending on the size of the tribe.
They lived in a communal arrangement. Eight to ten families lived in a
single conical shaped grass house or one made of thatch supported by a
pole frame. Mat couches lined the walls and served for seating during
the day and for beds at night. A fire burned in the center of house
night and day. (883)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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