Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalistFabre, Jean-Henri
Science
Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalist
Fabre, Jean-Henri
Insects -- Biology
At first sight this storing of food appears simple enough, but
reflexion soon discovers graver difficulties. Our own game is brought
down by a shot and killed with horrible wounds. The Hymenopteron has
refinements unknown to us; she chooses to have her prey intact, with
all its elegance of form and colour. No broken limbs, no gaping wounds,
no hideous disembowelment. Her prey has all the freshness of the living
insect; she does not destroy an atom of the fine-coloured powder which
the mere contact of our fingers deflowers. If the insect were really
dead, really a corpse, how difficult it would be for us to obtain such
a result! Any one can slay an insect by stamping brutally on it, but to
kill it neatly leaving no sign is no easy operation, within every one’s
power. How many of us would be at our wits’ end if we had to kill on
the spot, without crushing it, a little creature so tenacious of life
that even beheaded it still goes on struggling! One must have been a
practical entomologist before thinking of asphyxiation, and here,
again, success would be doubtful with the primitive methods of vapour
of benzine or burnt sulphur. In this deleterious atmosphere the insect
struggles too long, and tarnishes its brightness. One must have
recourse to more heroic methods—for instance, to the terrible
exhalations of prussic acid slowly disengaging themselves from strips
of paper impregnated with cyanide of potassium, or better still, as
being without danger to the collector, to the thunderbolt of vapour of
bisulphide of carbon. It requires a real art, an art calling to its aid
the redoubtable arsenal of chemistry, to kill an insect neatly; to do
that is what the elegant method of the Cerceris brings about so
quickly, if we admit the stupid supposition that her prey really
becomes a dead body.
A dead body! But that is by no means the diet of the larvæ, little
ogres greedy for fresh meat, to whom game ever so slightly tainted
would inspire insurmountable disgust. They must have fresh meat with no
high taste—that first sign of decay. Yet the prey cannot be laid up
alive in the cell like animals destined to furnish fresh meat to the
crew and passengers of a vessel. What would become of a delicate egg
laid among living food? What would become of the feeble larva, a worm
bruised by the slightest thing among vigorous Coleoptera moving their
long spurred legs for whole weeks? It is absolutely necessary—and here
we seem caught in a blind alley—to obtain deathly immobility with the
freshness of life for the interior organs. Before such an alimentary
problem the best instructed man of the world would stand helpless—even
the practised entomologist would own himself at a loss. The larder of
the Cerceris would defy their reasoning powers.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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