When first seen stranded on the shore the Star-fish, by the
uninitiated, is thought to be a creature incapable of movement of
any kind. But this is far from being the case, for in its native
element it moves along the bottom of the sea with the greatest ease,
being provided with an apparatus specially adapted for the purpose.
Ordinarily its arms are kept upon the same level, but in passing over
obstacles that lay in its path, the animal has the power of raising
any one of its several arms. Elevations are ascended with the same
ease and facility as progression on plane surfaces is effected.
Perforating the arms, or rays, and issuing from apertures, will be
found large numbers of membranous tubes, which prove to be the feet
of the animal. Upon careful examination the latter will be found to
consist of two parts, a bladder-like portion, resident within the body,
and a tubular outlying projection, ending in a disk-shaped sucker, thus
showing the feet to be muscular cylinders, hollow in the centre, and
very extensible. In progression the animal extends a few of its feet,
attaches its suckers to the rocks or stones and then, by retracting its
feet, draws the body forward. Like that of the tortoise, its pace is
slow and sure. But the most singular thing about this singular animal
is its manner of overcoming obstructions, which it must certainly
perceive, judging from the preparations to surmount them which it makes
at the opportune moment.
In addition to organs of locomotion Star-fishes possess blood-vessels,
digestive and respiratory apparatus, and a nervous system of a very
low order, an inference to which its seeming capacity of enduring
vivisection without pain unmistakably leads.
Interesting as its manner of progression, even under the most trying
circumstances, must be, yet there is nothing in the life of this
lowly-organized animal that has half the charm to the true lover and
student of nature than the mother Star’s devotion to her young. Her
eggs she carries in little pouches placed at the base of the rays. When
emitted through an opening, which occasionally and unintentionally
occurs, the mother does not abandon them to the cruel charities of the
ocean world, but gathers them together, forming a kind of protecting
cover of them, very much like a hen brooding over her chickens. Her
actions bespeak an anxiety which could only be born of an affection, as
real and sympathetic as that which a human mother feels for the loss of
any of her offspring. No matter how often the eggs become accidentally
scattered, the mother does not grow weary of her charges and leave
them to themselves, but gathers them to the maternal fold with the same
tender, patient solicitude as characterized her first efforts. Confined
to a tank, when with ova, the mother Star has been known to traverse
the entire length of the vessel until she has found and recovered her
scattered treasures.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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