Reproduction by eggs is not the only means of generation in vogue. In
common with other sea animals the Star-fish has the strange capacity
of detaching one or more of its arms, each of the cast-off members
becoming in time a perfect creature of its own kind, while a new arm,
fully equipped to perform all necessary functions, will grow out in
place of the lost member. From twelve to fifteen weeks are required
to reproduce a lost ray, the animal meanwhile seeming not the least
discontented, but acting as utterly unconscious of any changes in its
anatomy.
As found upon the shore, Star-fishes appear dead when really they are
alive. Put one of these perfectly still creatures into fresh sea-water,
and in a short time it will probably be disporting itself as freely as
ever it did. But as the dead and the living, when stranded by the tide,
present nearly the same appearance, some certain test seems necessary
to distinguish them apart. If a Star-fish hangs loose and limp, it
is dead; but, however dead it may look, if on touching it there are
manifest a firmness and consistency in its substance, one may feel
reasonably sure that it is playing the ’possum and will revive when
placed in the water. Quite as certain a mode of ascertaining whether
your starry friend is living or dead, is to lay it upon its back, when,
if alive, a number of semi-transparent globular objects will be seen
to move, reaching this way and that, as though feeling for something
to lay hold of wherewith to restore it to its normal position. These
globular appendages are the _ambulacra_, or locomotory organs, seeking
to acquire this end. If, however, no movement is manifested, you can
wisely conclude that your animal is dead.
The Star-fish, not unlike all other animals of the sea, has an appetite
that is never satisfied. Dinner is always welcome. The procurement of
food seems its chief concern in life. It is a scavenger of no mean
importance, keeping up an incessant chase after all kinds of dead
animal matter, and thus largely contributing, it is probable, towards
the maintaining of the waters of the ocean in a state of purity. But
its feeding is not exclusively restricted to decaying matters. Any
species of mollusk, from the humble whelk, not more than five-eighths
of an inch in length, to the lordly oyster, so esteemed by epicures,
constitutes a dainty tidbit. No more inveterate ravager and brigand,
not even excepting man himself, have the oyster-beds to disturb
the equanimity and serenity of their existence than the audacious,
insinuating Star-fish.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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