Position and Physical Features--The Red Clay of Bermuda--Zoology of Bermuda--Birds of Bermuda--Comparison of the Bird-faunas of Bermuda and the Azores--Insects of Bermuda--Land Mollusca--Flora of Bermuda--Concluding Remarks on the Azores and Bermuda _Pages_ 263-274 CHAPTER XIII THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS Position and Physical Features--Absence of Indigenous Mammalia and Amphibia--Reptiles--Birds--Insects and Land-shells--The Keeling Islands as Illustrating the Manner in which Oceanic Islands are Peopled--Flora of the Galapagos--Origin of the Flora of the Galapagos--Concluding remarks _Pages_ 273-291 CHAPTER XIV ST. HELENA Position and Physical Features of St. Helena--Change Effected by European Occupation--The Insects of St. Helena--Coleoptera--Peculiarities and Origin of the Coleoptera of St. Helena--Land-shells of St. Helena--Absence of Fresh-water Organisms--Native Vegetation of St. Helena--The Relations of the St. Helena Compositae--Concluding Remarks on St. Helena _Pages_ 292-309 {xvi} CHAPTER XV THE SANDWICH ISLANDS Position and Physical Features--Zoology of the Sandwich Islands--Birds--Reptiles--Land-shells--Insects--Vegetation of the Sandwich Islands--Peculiar Features of the Hawaiian Flora--Antiquity of the Hawaiian Fauna and Flora--Concluding Observations on the Fauna and Flora of the Sandwich Islands--General Remarks on Oceanic Islands _Pages_ 310-330 CHAPTER XVI CONTINENTAL ISLANDS OF RECENT ORIGIN: GREAT BRITAIN Characteristic Features of Recent Continental Islands--Recent Physical Changes of the British Isles--Proofs of Former Elevation--Submerged Forests--Buried River Channels--Time of Last Union with the Continent--Why Britain is Poor in Species--Peculiar British Birds---Fresh-water Fishes--Cause of Great Speciality in Fishes--Peculiar British Insects--Lepidoptera Confined to the British Isles--Peculiarities of the Isle of Man Lepidoptera--Coleoptera Confined to the British Isles--Trichoptera Peculiar to the British Isles--Land and Fresh-water Shells--Peculiarities of the British Flora--Peculiarities of the Irish Flora--Peculiar British Mosses and Hepaticae--Concluding Remarks on the Peculiarities of the British Fauna and Flora _Pages_ 331-372 CHAPTER XVII BORNEO AND JAVA Position and Physical Features of Borneo--Zoological Features of Borneo: Mammalia--Birds--The Affinities of the Borneo Fauna--Java, its Position and Physical Features--General Character of the Fauna of Java--Differences Between the Fauna of Java and that of the other Malay Islands--Special Relations of the Javan Fauna to that of the Asiatic Continent--Past Geographical Changes of Java and Borneo--The Philippine Islands--Concluding Remarks on the Malay Islands _Pages_ 373-390 CHAPTER XVIII JAPAN AND FORMOSA