111 While I write these lines there is hanging before me a _kakemono_ representing Sugawara Michizané, which it has been proposed to hang in every public school under the care of the Department of Education, as an emblem of the true scholarly temperament. 112 See p. 132. 113 See Satow and Hawes’ _Handbook_, p. 383. 114 He was born in A.D. 1146 and therefore was twelve years older than Yoshitsuné. 115 Doves are not eaten by the Minamoto to this day, owing, it is said, to this miraculous interposition in behalf of Yoritomo. 116 About A.D. 1618 Hakoné was created a barrier to separate the eastern from the central provinces. Persons were not allowed to go through this barrier without a passport. 117 In A.D. 1286, more than a century after his death, a monument was erected to Kiyomori in Hyōgo which still exists. Satow and Hawes’ _Handbook_, p. 338. 118 The title of shōgun is said to have been created by the Emperor Sujin, who divided the empire into four military divisions, each commanded by a shōgun or general. When Yoshinaka assumed control in Kyōto at the time of his victory he was appointed _sei-i-shōgun_ (barbarian compelling general). Subsequently Yoritomo secured the supreme military authority and having resigned the civil offices held by him he was appointed by imperial edict _sei-i-tai-shōgun_ or great barbarian compelling general. See G. Appert’s _Ancien Japon_, vol. iii., p. 84; also Satow’s note to Adams’ _History of Japan_, vol. i., p. 42. 119 Adams, in his _History of Japan_, vol. i., p. 37, gives a quaint quotation from _Nihon-Gwaishi_ as follows: “The crimes of the Heishi against the imperial family were atoned for by their services, and heaven therefore would not cut off their posterity. And this probably was right.” 120 See Satow and Hawes’ _Handbook_, p. 57.