Buddhism, Japanese name for (Butsudo), 21; mortuary tablets of, 42-43, 201; the dead according to, and Shinto, 47-48; entry of, into Japan, 183-184; disestablishment of (1871), 107-109; charm of, to Western thinkers, 209-210; summary of teachings of, under Emperor Temmu, 239; obstacles to establishment of religious hierarchy by, 251; military development of, 269-270; violent end to militant, 275-276; jesuitism mistaken for a new kind of, 332-334; no essential of Shinto weakened by, 379-380. Buke, the military class, 241. Butsudan, household-shrine, 42. Butsudo, "The Way of the Buddha", 21. Capital, danger to Japan from foreign, 465-466, 473. Carpenters, religious rites preformed by, 125; organizations of, 403-404. Castes, division of society into, 236. Cauldron and saucepan, god of the, 129. Celibacy, forbidden by early religion, 58; condemned by code of Iyeyasu, 349. Charms, to protect houses, 147 n. Chastisement, punishment by, 95-96, 421. Chiara, Giuseppe, 327 n. Chieftainship, hereditary, 235. China, date of introduction of spirit-tablet from, 24; religion of filial piety in, 49-50; belief as to the Demon-Gate imported from, 130; penal codes imported from, 176; arts and learning of, taught by Buddhism, 201; civilization of, brought to Japan by Buddhism, 203; harakiri, perhaps introduced from, 286; Jesuit policy in, 331; cause for hatred of Western religion in, 474; integrity of, depends on mission-policy, 479-480. Chori, pariahs, 247-250. Chosku, clan of, 367, 368, 372, 374. "Chronicles of Nihon", see Nihongi. Christianity, assumption that individualism would be produced by, 471; obstacles to, presented by religion of ancestor-worship, 479-481. See Jesuits and Missions. Chi-U, the condition of, 191 n. Circle of Perpetual Hunger for wicked ghosts, 191. Clan, cult of the, 81-83. Clans, number of, in ancient Japan, 83; three great classes of, 235-236; early society an aggregation of, 236-237, 252-253; wars between the military, for supremacy, 267 ff.; misery one result of break-up of, 447-449. Cleanliness exacted by Shinto, 145-146. Coffins, size regulated by law, 179. Colour-prints, production of, 357. Commerce, contempt for, 246; Portuguese, a help to Jesuit missionary work, 334-335; rise to power, 446; dangers resulting from the rise of, 447-452. Communism not a modern growth, 255. Competition, undesirability of, 414-416; Government aid to national industrial, 451-452. Concubines, under patriarchal system, 58, 68-69, 74; remarks of Iyeyasu regarding, 68, 348. Confucianism, influence of, in Japan, 187-188, 292 ff. Conscience, doctrine of, admitted by Buddhism, 196. Coulanges, Fustel de, 52, 264, 449; quoted, 27, 67. Courtesy, legal regulation of, 173-176. Craft-gods, 124, 153-154. Crafts, effect of Buddhism on, 188; guilds connected with, 246, 252, 402-405. Crucifixion of Christians at Nagasaki, 307.