Diagnostic value of the presence of tyrosine, and leucine in the urine--Microscopic appearances of these substances--Mode of separating them from urine--Chemical tests . . . . . . . . . . 63 Melanine in the urine in cases of cancer of the liver--The characters by which it is to be distinguished from bile pigment--Case related showing the value of the test . . . . . 68 Diagnostic value of ascertaining the quantity of urea, and uric acid, as well as the presence of sugar in the urine in obscure cases of jaundice--History of a case illustrating the value of such knowledge--Significance of the presence of fatty acids in the fæces in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease--Pancreatine administered--Effect of bile-poisoning on the memory--Analysis of the patient's urine--Diagnostic value of the quantity of its constituents pointed out--Appearance of sugar as the forerunner of a fatal termination alluded to--Disappearance of bile-acids, and appearance of tyrosine and leucine in the latter stages of the disease--Post-mortem appearances described--Occlusion of bile, and pancreatic ducts--Analysis of healthy and diseased bile--Change in the proportion of the organic greater than in that of the inorganic constituents--Microscopic appearances of liver--Presence of crystals of cystine, as well as of tyrosine in the hepatic parenchyma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Jaundice from obstruction in its latter stage complicated with jaundice from suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Epidemic jaundice--Among soldiers--Among pregnant women--Among the entire civil population--Its mechanism--Its cause--Case of jaundice supervening upon scarlatina . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Artificial jaundice--Mode of production--Experiments related--Tyrosine, and leucine supposed to be the result either of the arrested, or of the retrograde metamorphosis of glycocholic, and taurocholic acids--Biliary acids detected in the blood--Poisonous nature of the constituents of the bile--Condition of the blood in bile-poisoning . . . . . . . . 95 Treatment of jaundice--Totally different in jaundice from suppression and in jaundice from obstruction--Benefit of mercury in cases of jaundice--General theory regarding the action of mercurials--Benefit of acids, and of alkalies--Their mode of action explained--Theory of their action in cases of gall-stones--Lithia water--Treatment of jaundice by benzoic acid--Cases illustrating its mode of action--Podophyllin a bane, and an antidote in cases of jaundice--Its pernicious effects in cases of obstruction pointed out--Author's theory of its action in such cases--Method of detecting gall-stones in the stools--Sulphuric ether, and chloroform in cases of gall-stones--Taraxacum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101