Jnâna Yoga, Part II: Seven LecturesVivekananda, Swami
Religion
Jnâna Yoga, Part II: Seven Lectures
Vivekananda, Swami
Vedanta; Yoga, Jñana
follows that It must be infinite, It cannot have any limitation
whatever. So each one of these _purushas_ is omnipresent, each is
all-pervading, but can act only through fine and gross manifestations
of matter. The mind, the self-consciousness, the organs and the vital
forces compose what is called the fine body, or what in Christian
philosophy is called the “spiritual body” of man. It is this body that
comes to reward or punishment, that goes to the different heavens; that
incarnates and reincarnates; because we see from the very beginning
that the going and coming of the soul (_Purusha_) is impossible.
Motion means going and coming, and that which goes from one place to
another cannot be omnipresent. It is this _linga-sarira_ (subtle body)
which comes and goes. Thus far we see from Kapila’s psychology that
the soul is infinite, and that the soul is the only principle that
is not an evolution of Nature. It is the only one that is outside
of Nature, but It has apparently got bound by Nature. This Nature is
around the _Purusha_ and It has identified Itself with Nature. It
thinks “I am the _linga-sarira_,” It thinks “I am the gross matter,
the gross body,” and as such is enjoying pleasure and pain; but these
do not really belong to the soul, they belong to this _linga-sarira_,
and to the gross body. When certain nerves are hurt we feel pain. We
recognize that immediately. If the nerves in our fingers were dead we
could cut the fingers and not feel it. So pleasure and pain belong to
the nerve-centres. Suppose my organ of sight is destroyed, I do not
feel pleasure or pain from color, although my eyes are there. So it is
obvious that pleasure and pain do not belong to the soul. They belong
to the mind and the body.
The soul has neither pleasure nor pain; it is the Witness of
everything, the eternal Witness of things that are going on, but it
takes no fruits from any work. “As the sun is the cause of sight in
every eye, yet is not itself affected by the defects in any eye; as a
piece of crystal appears red when red flowers are placed before it,
so this _Purusha_ appears to be affected by pleasure or pain from the
reflection cast upon It by Nature, but it remains ever unchanged.”
The nearest way to describe Its state is that it is meditation.
This meditative state is that in which you approach nearest to the
_Purusha_. Thus we see why the meditative state is always called the
highest state by the _Yogi_, neither a passive nor an active state, but
the meditative state. This is the _Sânkhya_ philosophy.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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