John Brown's RaidUnited States. National Park Service
History
John Brown's Raid
United States. National Park Service
Brown, John, 1800-1859; Harpers Ferry (W. Va.) -- History -- John Brown's Raid, 1859
Hayward Shepherd, the station baggageman, heard the commotion and walked
out to see what was going on. Shepherd, a free Negro, was highly
respected and well-liked by all who knew him. As he approached the
bridge a raider told him to halt. Instead, Shepherd turned around and
started back toward the station. A shot rang out and he fell gravely
wounded. He dragged himself back to the station where he died the next
afternoon. The first person to die at the hands of the men who had come
to free the slaves was, in fact, a Negro already free.
[Illustration: “Porte Crayon’s” drawing of Hayward Shepherd, the
free Negro baggageman killed by one of Brown’s men on October 17, is
the only known portrait of this tragic figure.]
Between 4 and 5 a.m. the caravan containing Colonel Washington and the
Allstadts arrived at the armory. Brown armed the frightened slaves with
pikes and told them to guard the prisoners, who were placed in the
enginehouse and now numbered about a half-dozen. “Keep these white men
inside,” he said. Turning to Washington, Brown explained that he had
taken him hostage because “as the aid to the Governor of Virginia, I
knew you would endeavor to perform your duty, and perhaps you would have
been a troublesome customer to me; and, apart from that, I wanted you
particularly for the moral effect it would give our cause, having one of
your name our prisoner.” As dawn approached the number of Brown’s
prisoners increased as unsuspecting armory employees reporting for work
were seized as they passed through the gate. Perhaps as many as 40
hostages were eventually jammed into the two rooms of the enginehouse.
[Illustration: Brown kept his growing number of hostages in the fire
enginehouse at left, just inside the entrance to the U.S. Armory
grounds. The machine shops where the muskets were assembled are at
the right.]
Near dawn, John Cook, with two raiders and a handful of pike-carrying
Negroes, took the wagon across the bridge into Maryland to bring the
weapons closer to the town to arm the hundreds of slaves soon expected
to join the fight. The rest of Brown’s “army” settled down at their
posts in the waning darkness to await the coming of day, the last for
many of them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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