Journal of Entomology and Zoology, Vol. 09, No. 1, March 1917Various
Science
Journal of Entomology and Zoology, Vol. 09, No. 1, March 1917
Various
Entomology -- California -- Periodicals; Entomology -- Periodicals; Zoology -- California -- Periodicals; Zoology -- Periodicals
When full grown the larvae drop to the soil and after burrowing to a
depth of about an inch or less, they construct soil cells of earth (Pl.
I, Fig. 6), not unlike the cell of the common cherry and pear slug, in
which they pupate. By July 3, 1913, many larvae were falling to the
soil. The length of the larval stage varies from fifteen to twenty-five
days with an average of twenty days. By July 10 many pupae (Pl. I, Fig.
4) were found in the soil. The writer neglected to ascertain the exact
length of the pupal stage, but from the meager observations made up
to this time ventures the opinion that it is about eighteen days. By
the first of August many adults could be found. They are a beautiful
metallic color when just emerged. The writer bred from the adults a
species of Diptera a _Tachinid_ but has not been able to ascertain the
species. Subsequent observation revealed no eggs, so undoubtedly the
species is single brooded. The life-cycle is calculated to last about
fifty-five days from eggs to adults, but this is greatly influenced
by the weather conditions. The length of the adult stage is about ten
months, depending, of course, upon the time the warm days approach in
the spring and upon the cold stretches which intervene, conditions
which influence emergence from their hibernating quarters.
DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIOUS STAGES
The Eggs (Pl. I, Fig. 3) are of an orange color, oblong oval or
bean-shaped. The egg has a delicate covering by which it is attached
to the leaf. Nearly every egg has a sort of spine-shape structure
attached, although it is not exactly a spine but a part of the
egg covering, which, when it has dried, gives it a black streaked
appearance at that point. The egg measures 1 mm. in length by .25 mm.
in width.
The Larvae (Pl. I, Fig. 7) when full grown have the body wider at the
anterior end, tapering gradually to the anal segment and covered with
many hairs. They are covered with an oily substance in which they often
collect their excrement as they feed and travel. The entire larva is
black and the segments of the body possess numerous tubercles bearing
setae. Each segment of the abdomen has a group of tubercles on a side
above the spiracles. When full grown the larvae measure from 6 to 8 mm.
in length.
The Pupa (Pl. I, Fig. 4) is yellow, 4 to 6 mm. in length, with the
wing pads and legs of a paler yellow to nearly white. Two setae are
located on the vertex and two on the occupit of head. The prothorax,
mesothorax, and metathorax bear spines varying in number. The abdomen
possesses three rows of setae on each side above the spiracles.
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