King Leopold's Soliloquy: A Defense of His Congo RuleTwain, Mark
History
King Leopold's Soliloquy: A Defense of His Congo Rule
Twain, Mark
Congo (Democratic Republic); Léopold II, King of the Belgians, 1835-1909
The controversy between the Congo Reform Association and the Emperor of
the Congo has now arrived at a stage in which it is necessary to take a
further step towards the redress of unspeakable wrongs and the
punishment of no less unspeakable criminals. The Rev. J. H. Harris, an
English missionary, has lived for the last seven years in that region of
Central Africa—the Upper Congo—which King Leopold has made over to one
of his vampire groups of financial associates (known as the A.B.I.R.
Society) on the strictly business basis of a half share in the profits
wrung from the blood and misery of the natives. He has now returned to
England, and last month he called at Mowbray House to tell me the latest
from the Congo. Mr. Harris is a young man in a dangerous state of
volcanic fury, and no wonder. After living for seven years face to face
with the devastations of the vampire State, it is impossible to deny
that he does well to be angry. When he began, as is the wont of those
who have emerged from the depths, to detail horrifying stories of
murder, the outrage and torture of women, the mutilation of children,
and the whole infernal category of horrors, served up with the
background of cannibalism, sometimes voluntary and sometimes, incredible
though it seems, enforced by the orders of the officers, I cut him
short, and said:—
“Dear Mr. Harris, as in Oriental despatches the India Office translator
abbreviates the first page of the letter into two words ‘after
compliments,’ or ‘a.c.,’ so let us abbreviate our conversation about the
Congo by the two words ‘after atrocities,’ or ‘a.a.’ They are so
invariable and so monotonous, as Lord Percy remarked in the House the
other day, that it is unnecessary to insist upon them. There is no
longer any dispute in the mind of any reasonable person as to what is
going on in the Congo. It is the economical exploitation of half a
continent carried on by the use of armed force wielded by officials the
aim-all and be-all of whose existence is to extort the maximum amount of
rubber in the shortest possible time in order to pay the largest
possible dividend to the holders of shares in the concessions.”
“Well,” said Mr. Harris reluctantly, for he is so accustomed to speaking
to persons who require to be told the whole dismal tale from A to Z,
“what is it you want to know?”
“I want to know,” I said, “whether you consider the time is ripe for
summoning King Leopold before the bar of an international tribunal to
answer for the crimes perpetrated under his orders and in his interest
in the Congo State.”
Mr. Harris paused for a moment, and then said:—“That depends upon the
action which the king takes upon the report of the Commission, which is
now in his hands.”
“Is that report published?”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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