King Leopold's Soliloquy: A Defense of His Congo RuleTwain, Mark
History
King Leopold's Soliloquy: A Defense of His Congo Rule
Twain, Mark
Congo (Democratic Republic); Léopold II, King of the Belgians, 1835-1909
“As the Commission returned to Brussels in March, some of the contents
of that report are an open secret. A great deal of the evidence has been
published by the Congo Reform Association. In the Congo the
Commissioners admitted two things: first, that the evidence was
overwhelming as to the existence of the evils which had hitherto been
denied, and secondly, that they vindicated the character of the
missionaries. They discovered, as anyone will who goes out to that
country, that it is the missionaries, and the missionaries alone, who
constitute the permanent European element. The Congo State officials
come out ignorant of the language, knowing nothing of the country, and
with no other sense of their duties beyond that of supporting the
concession companies in extorting rubber. They are like men who are dumb
and deaf and blind, nor do they wish to be otherwise. In two or three
years they vanish, giving place to other migrants as ignorant as
themselves, whereas the missionaries remain on the spot year after year;
they are in personal touch with the people, whose language they speak,
whose customs they respect, and whose lives they endeavor to defend to
the best of their ability.”
“But, Mr. Harris,” I remarked, “was there not a certain Mr. Grenfell, a
Baptist Missionary, who has been all these years a convinced upholder of
the Congo State?”
“’Twas true,” said Mr. Harris, “and pity ’tis ’twas true; but ’tis no
longer true. Mr. Grenfell has had his eyes opened at last, and he has
now taken his place among those who are convinced. He could no longer
resist the overwhelming evidence that has been brought against the Congo
Administration.”[5]
Footnote 5:
Mr. Grenfell’s station is in the Lower Congo, a section remote from
the vast rubber areas of the interior.
“Was the nature of the Commissioners’ report,” I resumed, “made known to
the officials of the State before they left the Congo?”
“To the head officials—yes,” said Mr. Harris.
“With what result?”
“In the case of the highest official in the Congo, the man who
corresponds in Africa to Lord Curzon in India, no sooner was he placed
in possession of the conclusions of the Commission than the appalling
significance of their indictment convinced him that the game was up, and
he went into his room and cut his throat. I was amazed on returning to
Europe to find how little the significance of this suicide was
appreciated. A paragraph in the newspaper announced the suicide of a
Congo official. None of those who read that paragraph could realize the
fact that that suicide had the same significance to the Congo that the
suicide, let us say, of Lord Milner would have had if it had taken place
immediately on receiving the conclusions of a Royal Commission sent out
to report upon his administration in South Africa.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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