Kings Mountain National Military Park, South CarolinaMackenzie, George C.
History
Kings Mountain National Military Park, South Carolina
Mackenzie, George C.
King's Mountain, Battle of, S.C., 1780; Kings Mountain National Military Park (S.C.)
The patriots rested on the battleground overnight. On Sunday morning,
October 8, they started the homeward march. One week later they reached
Bickerstaff’s plantation near Gilbert Town with their prisoners. The
frontiersmen had not dared delay their march, for they feared Cornwallis
would send Colonel Tarleton in pursuit to avenge Ferguson’s defeat. At
Bickerstaff’s, a court martial was held and 30 Tories were condemned to
death; of these, 9 were hanged and the remainder spared. Since an
investigation showed that these 9 Tories had robbed, pillaged, and
committed more serious crimes, the patriots believed they were justified
in this action. They also wished to retaliate for similar types of rude
justice rendered so often in the past by the British.
[Illustration: “_The Surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown,
Virginia, 19 October 1781._” From a painting by John Trumbull.
Courtesy Yale University Art Gallery.]
The patriot detachments reached Quaker Meadows on October 15 with the
prisoners. From this point they were marched northward toward Virginia;
this was in accordance with the instructions of October 12 from General
Gates, the American commander in the South. On October 26, Colonel
Campbell entrusted Colonel Cleveland with the safekeeping of the
prisoners and, with Colonel Shelby, called upon General Gates to
determine the fate of the remaining Tories.
Meanwhile, the volunteer army melted away. Most of its members lost no
time in returning to their home settlements. As the number of troops
guarding the prisoners declined, escape became easy. After a long period
of indecision, the remaining Tory prisoners were finally moved to
Hillsboro, N. C., and exchanged. The mighty army of mountain men, whose
very existence confounded Ferguson, now vanished as quietly as it had
gathered.
_The Meaning of the Victory_
The lifting of the spirits of the patriots in the Carolinas and the
renewal of their will to resist the British invader were important and
immediate effects of Ferguson’s defeat at Kings Mountain. News of this
decisive victory spread rapidly through the region, bringing out
stronger patriot militia forces in North Carolina and from nearby
Virginia. It also revived patriot guerrilla warfare in South Carolina.
Tories in the Carolinas became greatly discouraged and disorganized. The
British did not immediately sense the importance of this sharp
improvement in patriot morale and were inclined to discount the loss of
the relatively small Tory force under Ferguson. At the headquarters of
the British forces in New York it was even denied that the battle had
taken place.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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